द्यु
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- दिव् (dív) — before vowels
- द्यो (dyó)
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- দ্যু (Assamese script)
- ᬤ᭄ᬬᬸ (Balinese script)
- দ্যু (Bengali script)
- 𑰟𑰿𑰧𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀤𑁆𑀬𑀼 (Brahmi script)
- ဒျု (Burmese script)
- દ્યુ (Gujarati script)
- ਦ੍ਯੁ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑍍𑌯𑍁 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦾꦸ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑂹𑂨𑂳 (Kaithi script)
- ದ್ಯು (Kannada script)
- ទ្យុ (Khmer script)
- ທ຺ຍຸ (Lao script)
- ദ്യു (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᠶᡠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘿𑘧𑘳 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠶ᠋ᠤ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑧠𑧇𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑑂𑐫𑐸 (Newa script)
- ଦ୍ଯୁ (Odia script)
- ꢣ꣄ꢫꢸ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑇀𑆪𑆶 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖿𑖧𑖲 (Siddham script)
- ද්යු (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭 𑪙𑩻𑩒 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚶𑚣𑚰 (Takri script)
- த்³யு (Tamil script)
- ద్యు (Telugu script)
- ทฺยุ (Thai script)
- དྱུ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑓂𑒨𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑩇𑨪𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dyā́wṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dyā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws m (“sky, heaven”). Cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús), Latin diēs, Hittite 𒅆𒍑 (sius).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /djú/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /d̪ju/
Noun
द्यु • (dyú) stem, m or f
- heaven, the sky
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.108.5:
- इ॒मा गावः॑ सरमे॒ या ऐच्छः॒ परि॑ दि॒वो अन्ता॑न्त्सुभगे॒ पत॑न्ती ।
कस्त॑ एना॒ अव॑ सृजा॒दयु॑ध्व्यु॒तास्माक॒मायु॑धा सन्ति ति॒ग्मा ॥- imā́ gā́vaḥ sarame yā́ aícchaḥ pári divó ántāntsubhage pátantī.
kásta enā áva sṛjādáyudhvyutā́smā́kamā́yudhā santi tigmā́. - These are the kine which, Saramā, thou seekest, flying, O Blest One, to the ends of heaven.
Who will loose these for thee without a battle? Yea, and sharp-pointed are our warlike weapons.
- imā́ gā́vaḥ sarame yā́ aícchaḥ pári divó ántāntsubhage pátantī.
- इ॒मा गावः॑ सरमे॒ या ऐच्छः॒ परि॑ दि॒वो अन्ता॑न्त्सुभगे॒ पत॑न्ती ।
- day
- brightness, sheen, glow
- fire
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | द्यौः (dyaúḥ) | द्यावा (dyā́vā) द्यावौ (dyā́vau) दिवौ (dívau) |
दिवः (dívaḥ) द्यावः (dyā́vaḥ) |
| accusative | दिवम् (divam) द्याम् (dyā́m) |
द्यावा (dyā́vā) द्यावौ (dyā́vau) दिवौ (dívau) |
दिवः (diváḥ) द्यून् (dyū́n) |
| instrumental | दिवा (divā́) द्यवा (dyávā) |
द्युभ्याम् (dyúbhyām) | द्युभिः (dyúbhiḥ) |
| dative | दिवे (divé) द्यवे (dyáve) |
द्युभ्याम् (dyúbhyām) | द्युभ्यः (dyúbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | दिवः (diváḥ) द्योः (dyóḥ) |
द्युभ्याम् (dyúbhyām) | द्युभ्यः (dyúbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | दिवः (diváḥ) द्योः (dyóḥ) |
द्यवोः (dyávoḥ) दिवोः (divóḥ) |
दिवाम् (divā́m) द्यवाम् (dyávām) |
| locative | दिवि (diví) द्यवि (dyávi) |
द्यवोः (dyávoḥ) दिवोः (divóḥ) |
द्युषु (dyúṣu) |
| vocative | द्यौः (dyaùḥ) | द्यावा (dyā́vā) द्यावौ (dyā́vau) दिवौ (dívau) |
दिवः (dívaḥ) द्यावः (dyā́vaḥ) |
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “3. Dív, dyú”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 478, columns 2-3.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “dyo”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “div”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “dyáv-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 750-2
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “dyáv-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 196