पटोल
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पटोल (paṭola), ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *puḍala (“snake gourd, Trichosanthes anguina”). Doublet of परवल (parval)
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /pə.ʈoːl/, [pɐ.ʈoːl]
Noun
पटोल • (paṭol) m (Urdu spelling پَٹول)
- (rare) pointed gourd
- Synonym: (more common) परवल (parval)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | पटोल paṭol |
पटोल paṭol |
| oblique | पटोल paṭol |
पटोलों paṭolõ |
| vocative | पटोल paṭol |
पटोलो paṭolo |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “पटोल”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884) “पटोल”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পটোল (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬝᭀᬮ (Balinese script)
- পটোল (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰘𑰺𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀝𑁄𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- ပဋောလ (Burmese script)
- પટોલ (Gujarati script)
- ਪਟੋਲ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌟𑍋𑌲 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦛꦺꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂗𑂷𑂪 (Kaithi script)
- ಪಟೋಲ (Kannada script)
- បដោល (Khmer script)
- ປໂຏລ (Lao script)
- പടോല (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᠠᢞᠣᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘘𑘻𑘩 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠠᢌᠣᠸᠠᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑦸𑧜𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐚𑑀𑐮 (Newa script)
- ପଟୋଲ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢜꣂꢭ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆛𑆾𑆬 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖘𑖺𑖩 (Siddham script)
- පටොල (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩦𑩕𑩽 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚔𑚴𑚥 (Takri script)
- படோல (Tamil script)
- పటోల (Telugu script)
- ปโฏล (Thai script)
- པ་ཊོ་ལ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒙𑒼𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨔𑨆𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pɐ.ʈɐw.lɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pɐ.ʈoː.l̪ɐ/
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Dravidian. Compare Tamil புடலை (puṭalai).[1]
Noun
पटोल • (paṭola) stem, m [2]
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पटोलः (paṭolaḥ) | पटोलौ (paṭolau) पटोला¹ (paṭolā¹) |
पटोलाः (paṭolāḥ) पटोलासः¹ (paṭolāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | पटोलम् (paṭolam) | पटोलौ (paṭolau) पटोला¹ (paṭolā¹) |
पटोलान् (paṭolān) |
| instrumental | पटोलेन (paṭolena) | पटोलाभ्याम् (paṭolābhyām) | पटोलैः (paṭolaiḥ) पटोलेभिः¹ (paṭolebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पटोलाय (paṭolāya) | पटोलाभ्याम् (paṭolābhyām) | पटोलेभ्यः (paṭolebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पटोलात् (paṭolāt) | पटोलाभ्याम् (paṭolābhyām) | पटोलेभ्यः (paṭolebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पटोलस्य (paṭolasya) | पटोलयोः (paṭolayoḥ) | पटोलानाम् (paṭolānām) |
| locative | पटोले (paṭole) | पटोलयोः (paṭolayoḥ) | पटोलेषु (paṭoleṣu) |
| vocative | पटोल (paṭola) | पटोलौ (paṭolau) पटोला¹ (paṭolā¹) |
पटोलाः (paṭolāḥ) पटोलासः¹ (paṭolāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
- पटोलिका (paṭolikā)
- Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀧𑀟𑁄𑀮-𑀇𑀆 (*paḍola-iā)
- Old Marathi:
- Devanagari script: पडवळी (paḍavaḷī)
- Modi script: 𑘢𑘚𑘪𑘯𑘲 (paḍavaḷī)
- Old Marathi:
- Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀧𑀟𑁄𑀮-𑀇𑀆 (*paḍola-iā)
- पटोली (paṭolī)
Descendants
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀟𑁄𑀮 (paḍola), 𑀧𑀑𑀮 (paola)
- Pali: paṭola
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
- → Assamese: পটল (potol)
- → Bengali: পটোল (poṭōl)
- → Hindustani:
Etymology 2
From पट (paṭa, “garment, piece of cloth”).
Noun
पटोल • (paṭola) stem, n [2]
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पटोलम् (paṭolam) | पटोले (paṭole) | पटोलानि (paṭolāni) पटोला¹ (paṭolā¹) |
| accusative | पटोलम् (paṭolam) | पटोले (paṭole) | पटोलानि (paṭolāni) पटोला¹ (paṭolā¹) |
| instrumental | पटोलेन (paṭolena) | पटोलाभ्याम् (paṭolābhyām) | पटोलैः (paṭolaiḥ) पटोलेभिः¹ (paṭolebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पटोलाय (paṭolāya) | पटोलाभ्याम् (paṭolābhyām) | पटोलेभ्यः (paṭolebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पटोलात् (paṭolāt) | पटोलाभ्याम् (paṭolābhyām) | पटोलेभ्यः (paṭolebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पटोलस्य (paṭolasya) | पटोलयोः (paṭolayoḥ) | पटोलानाम् (paṭolānām) |
| locative | पटोले (paṭole) | पटोलयोः (paṭolayoḥ) | पटोलेषु (paṭoleṣu) |
| vocative | पटोल (paṭola) | पटोले (paṭole) | पटोलानि (paṭolāni) पटोला¹ (paṭolā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Gujarati: પટોળું (paṭoḷũ)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “patola-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 299
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Monier Williams (1899) “पटोल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 579.
Further reading
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “paṭōlá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press