प्रत्यंचा

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Marathi प्रत्यंचा (pratyañcā), from Sanskrit प्रत्यञ्च् (pratyañc, “coming from behind”) +‎ -आ (-ā).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /pɾət̪.jən.t͡ʃɑː/, [pɾɐt̪.jɐ̃n.t͡ʃäː]

Noun

प्रत्यंचा • (pratyañcā) f

  1. bowstring
    प्रत्यंचा चढ़ाना ― pratyañcā caṛhānā ― to string a bow

Declension

Declension of प्रत्यंचा (fem ā-stem)
singular plural
direct प्रत्यंचा
pratyañcā 		प्रत्यंचाएँ
pratyañcāẽ
oblique प्रत्यंचा
pratyañcā 		प्रत्यंचाओं
pratyañcāõ
vocative प्रत्यंचा
pratyañcā 		प्रत्यंचाओ
pratyañcāo

Synonyms

  • चिल्ला (cillā)
  • ज्या (jyā)
  • ज़ेह (zeh)
  • धनुर्गुण (dhanurguṇ)
  • पनच (panac)
  • रोदा (rodā)

Descendants

  • → Nepali: प्रत्यंचा (pratyañcā)

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रत्यञ्च् (pratyañc, adjective, literally “that which comes behind [the bow]”) +‎ -आ (-ā). A nominalization and Sanskritic formation.

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /pɾət̪.jən.t͡ɕa/

Noun

प्रत्यंचा • (pratyañcā) f

  1. bowstring
    Synonyms: धनुर्गुण (dhanurguṇ), चिल्ला (cillā), गांडीवगुण (gāṇḍīvguṇ)
    प्रत्यंचा चढवणे ― pratyañcā caḍhavṇe ― to string a bow

Declension

Declension of प्रत्यंचा (fem ā-stem)
direct
singular 		प्रत्यंचा
pratyañcā
direct
plural 		प्रत्यंचा
pratyañcā
singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा 		प्रत्यंचा
pratyañcā 		प्रत्यंचा
pratyañcā
oblique
सामान्यरूप 		प्रत्यंचे
pratyañce 		प्रत्यंचां-
pratyañcān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी 		प्रत्यंचेला
pratyañcelā 		प्रत्यंचांना
pratyañcānnā
ergative प्रत्यंचेने, प्रत्यंचेनं
pratyañcene, pratyañcena 		प्रत्यंचांनी
pratyañcānnī
instrumental प्रत्यंचेशी
pratyañceśī 		प्रत्यंचांशी
pratyañcānśī
locative
सप्तमी 		प्रत्यंचेत
pratyañcet 		प्रत्यंचांत
pratyañcāt
vocative
संबोधन 		प्रत्यंचे
pratyañce 		प्रत्यंचांनो
pratyañcānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of प्रत्यंचा (fem ā-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म 		feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म 		neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म 		oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन 		singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन 		singular*
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता 		प्रत्यंचेचा
pratyañceċā 		प्रत्यंचेचे
pratyañceċe 		प्रत्यंचेची
pratyañcecī 		प्रत्यंचेच्या
pratyañcecā 		प्रत्यंचेचे, प्रत्यंचेचं
pratyañceċe, pratyañceċa 		प्रत्यंचेची
pratyañcecī 		प्रत्यंचेच्या
pratyañcecā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता 		प्रत्यंचांचा
pratyañcānċā 		प्रत्यंचांचे
pratyañcānċe 		प्रत्यंचांची
pratyañcāñcī 		प्रत्यंचांच्या
pratyañcāncā 		प्रत्यंचांचे, प्रत्यंचांचं
pratyañcānċe, pratyañcānċa 		प्रत्यंचांची
pratyañcāñcī 		प्रत्यंचांच्या
pratyañcāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Descendants

See also

References

  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “प्रत्यंचा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
  • दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “प्रत्यंचा”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)
  • Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “प्रत्यंचा”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

Nepali

Etymology

Borrowed from Hindi प्रत्यंचा (pratyañcā),[1] from Marathi प्रत्यंचा (pratyañcā), from Sanskrit प्रत्यञ्च् (pratyañc) +‎ -आ (-ā).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [prʌt̪t̪en̻t͡sä]
  • Phonetic Devanagari: प्रत्तेन्चा

Noun

प्रत्यंचा • (pratyañcā)

  1. bowstring

Declension

Declension of प्रत्यंचा
Singular Plural
nominative प्रत्यंचा [prʌt̪ent͡sä] प्रत्यंचाहरू [prʌt̪ent͡sä̤ːɾu]
accusative प्रत्यंचालाई [prʌt̪ent͡säläi] प्रत्यंचाहरूलाई [prʌt̪ent͡sä̤ːɾuläi]
instrumental/ergative प्रत्यंचाले [prʌt̪ent͡säle] प्रत्यंचाहरूले [prʌt̪ent͡sä̤ːɾule]
dative प्रत्यंचालाई [prʌt̪ent͡säläi] प्रत्यंचाहरूलाई [prʌt̪ent͡sä̤ːɾuläi]
ablative प्रत्यंचाबाट [prʌt̪ent͡säbäʈʌ] प्रत्यंचाहरूबाट [prʌt̪ent͡sä̤ːɾubäʈʌ]
genitive प्रत्यंचाको [prʌt̪ent͡säko] प्रत्यंचाहरूको [prʌt̪ent͡sä̤ːɾuko]
locative प्रत्यंचामा [prʌt̪ent͡sämä] प्रत्यंचाहरूमा [prʌt̪ent͡sä̤ːɾumä]
Notes:
  • -को (-ko) becomes:
    • -का (-kā) when followed by a plural noun.
    • -की (-kī) when followed by a feminine noun.

Synonyms

References

  1. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1931) “प्रत्यञ्चा”, in A comparative and etymological dictionary of the Nepali language, London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner, page 395
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