बिल

Hindi

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /bɪl/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀩𑀺𑀮 (bila), from Sanskrit बिल (bíla). Cognate with Assamese বিল (bil, “lake”) and Marathi बीळ (bīḷ, “hole”).

Noun

बिल • (bil) m (Urdu spelling بِل)

hole
Synonym: छेद (ched)

Declension

Declension of *बिल* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	बिल bil	बिल bil
oblique	बिल bil	बिलों bilõ
vocative	बिल bil	बिलो bilo

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English bill.

Noun

बिल • (bil) m (Urdu spelling بِل)

check, bill
(law) bill

Declension

Declension of *बिल* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	बिल bil	बिल bil
oblique	बिल bil	बिलों bilõ
vocative	बिल bil	बिलो bilo

Synonyms

प्राप्यक (prāpyak)

References

McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “बिल”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Old Gujarati

Etymology

From Sanskrit बिल (bila).

Noun

बिल • (bila)

hole, den

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

bila (Latin script)
𑀩𑀺𑀮 (Brahmi script)
বিল (Bengali script)
බිල (Sinhalese script)
ဗိလ or ၿိလ (Burmese script)
พิล or พิละ (Thai script)
ᨻᩥᩃ (Tai Tham script)
ພິລ or ພິລະ (Lao script)
ពិល (Khmer script)
𑄝𑄨𑄣 (Chakma script)

Noun

बिल n

Devanagari script form of bila

Declension

Declension table of "बिल" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	बिलं (bilaṃ)	बिलानि (bilāni)
Accusative (second)	बिलं (bilaṃ)	बिलानि (bilāni)
Instrumental (third)	बिलेन (bilena)	बिलेहि (bilehi) or बिलेभि (bilebhi)
Dative (fourth)	बिलस्स (bilassa) or बिलाय (bilāya) or बिलत्थं (bilatthaṃ)	बिलानं (bilānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	बिलस्मा (bilasmā) or बिलम्हा (bilamhā) or बिला (bilā)	बिलेहि (bilehi) or बिलेभि (bilebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	बिलस्स (bilassa)	बिलानं (bilānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	बिलस्मिं (bilasmiṃ) or बिलम्हि (bilamhi) or बिले (bile)	बिलेसु (bilesu)
Vocative (calling)	बिल (bila)	बिलानि (bilāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

বিল (Assamese script)
ᬩᬶᬮ (Balinese script)
বিল (Bengali script)
𑰤𑰰𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀩𑀺𑀮 (Brahmi script)
ဗိလ (Burmese script)
બિલ (Gujarati script)
ਬਿਲ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌬𑌿𑌲 (Grantha script)
ꦧꦶꦭ (Javanese script)
𑂥𑂱𑂪 (Kaithi script)
ಬಿಲ (Kannada script)
ពិល (Khmer script)
ພິລ (Lao script)
ബില (Malayalam script)
ᠪᡳᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘤𑘱𑘩 (Modi script)
ᠪᠢᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧄𑧒𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
𑐧𑐶𑐮 (Newa script)
ବିଲ (Odia script)
ꢨꢶꢭ (Saurashtra script)
𑆧𑆴𑆬 (Sharada script)
𑖤𑖰𑖩 (Siddham script)
බිල (Sinhalese script)
𑩲𑩑𑩽 (Soyombo script)
𑚠𑚮𑚥 (Takri script)
பி³ல (Tamil script)
బిల (Telugu script)
พิล (Thai script)
བི་ལ (Tibetan script)
𑒥𑒱𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
𑨠𑨁𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Of unclear origin.^[1]

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *bel- (“to dig, cut off?”) and connected with Irish bealach (“way, road”), Welsh bwlch (“gap, pass”), and Old Armenian պեղեմ (pełem, “to dig, hollow”).^[2]^[3] However, Mayrhofer is skeptical of this derivation, and prefers to take the word as a Dravidian borrowing (as per Burrow, Kuiper, and Turner), comparing Malayalam വിള്ളല് (viḷḷalŭ, “crack, cavity”) and Tamil விள்ளு (viḷḷu, “to burst open”)^[4]^[5]

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /bí.lɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /bi.l̪ɐ/

Noun

बिल • (bíla) stem, n

a cave, hole, pit, opening, aperture
the hollow (of a dish), bowl (of a spoon or ladle)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of बिल
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	बिलम् (bílam)	बिले (bíle)	बिलानि (bílāni) बिला¹ (bílā¹)
accusative	बिलम् (bílam)	बिले (bíle)	बिलानि (bílāni) बिला¹ (bílā¹)
instrumental	बिलेन (bílena)	बिलाभ्याम् (bílābhyām)	बिलैः (bílaiḥ) बिलेभिः¹ (bílebhiḥ¹)
dative	बिलाय (bílāya)	बिलाभ्याम् (bílābhyām)	बिलेभ्यः (bílebhyaḥ)
ablative	बिलात् (bílāt)	बिलाभ्याम् (bílābhyām)	बिलेभ्यः (bílebhyaḥ)
genitive	बिलस्य (bílasya)	बिलयोः (bílayoḥ)	बिलानाम् (bílānām)
locative	बिले (bíle)	बिलयोः (bílayoḥ)	बिलेषु (bíleṣu)
vocative	बिल (bíla)	बिले (bíle)	बिलानि (bílāni) बिला¹ (bílā¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀩𑀺𑀮 (bila)
- Assamese: বিল (bil)
- Bengali: বিল (bil)
- Sylheti: ꠛꠤꠟ (bil)
Hindi: बिल (bil)
Marathi: बीळ (bīḷ)
→ Tamil: பிலம் (pilam)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “बिल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 732/1.

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 225
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 96
^ Petersson, Herbert (1916) “Beiträge zur armenischen Wortkunde”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung (in German), volume 47, number 3/4, pages 264–265
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 431-2
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bila”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 225

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 96

[3] Petersson, Herbert (1916) “Beiträge zur armenischen Wortkunde”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung (in German), volume 47, number 3/4, pages 264–265

[4] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 431-2

[5] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bila”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

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