भगिनी

See also: भागना

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

bhaginī (Latin script)
𑀪𑀕𑀺𑀦𑀻 (Brahmi script)
ভগিনী (Bengali script)
භගිනී (Sinhalese script)
ဘဂိနီ or ဘဂိနဳ or ꧤၷိၼီ (Burmese script)
ภคินี or ภะคินี (Thai script)
ᨽᨣᩥᨶᩦ (Tai Tham script)
ຠຄິນີ or ຠະຄິນີ (Lao script)
ភគិនី (Khmer script)
𑄞𑄉𑄨𑄚𑄩 (Chakma script)

Noun

भगिनी f

Devanagari script form of bhaginī

Declension

Declension table of "भगिनी" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	भगिनी (bhaginī)	भगिनियो (bhaginiyo) or भगिनी (bhaginī)
Accusative (second)	भगिनिं (bhaginiṃ) or भगिनियं (bhaginiyaṃ)	भगिनियो (bhaginiyo) or भगिनी (bhaginī)
Instrumental (third)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā)	भगिनीहि (bhaginīhi) or भगिनीभि (bhaginībhi)
Dative (fourth)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā)	भगिनीनं (bhaginīnaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā)	भगिनीहि (bhaginīhi) or भगिनीभि (bhaginībhi)
Genitive (sixth)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā)	भगिनीनं (bhaginīnaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	भगिनिया (bhaginiyā) or भगिनियं (bhaginiyaṃ)	भगिनीसु (bhaginīsu)
Vocative (calling)	भगिनि (bhagini)	भगिनियो (bhaginiyo) or भगिनी (bhaginī)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

ভগিনী (Assamese script)
ᬪᬕᬶᬦᬷ (Balinese script)
ভগিনী (Bengali script)
𑰥𑰐𑰰𑰡𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀪𑀕𑀺𑀦𑀻 (Brahmi script)
ဘဂိနီ (Burmese script)
ભગિની (Gujarati script)
ਭਗਿਨੀ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌭𑌗𑌿𑌨𑍀 (Grantha script)
ꦨꦒꦶꦤꦷ (Javanese script)
𑂦𑂏𑂱𑂢𑂲 (Kaithi script)
ಭಗಿನೀ (Kannada script)
ភគិនី (Khmer script)
ຠຄິນີ (Lao script)
ഭഗിനീ (Malayalam script)
ᢨᠠᡤᡳᠨᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘥𑘐𑘱𑘡𑘲 (Modi script)
ᠪᠾᠠᠺᠢᠨᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑧅𑦰𑧒𑧁𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
𑐨𑐐𑐶𑐣𑐷 (Newa script)
ଭଗିନୀ (Odia script)
ꢩꢔꢶꢥꢷ (Saurashtra script)
𑆨𑆓𑆴𑆤𑆵 (Sharada script)
𑖥𑖐𑖰𑖡𑖱 (Siddham script)
භගිනී (Sinhalese script)
𑩳𑩞𑩑𑩯𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚡𑚌𑚮𑚝𑚯 (Takri script)
ப⁴கி³நீ (Tamil script)
భగినీ (Telugu script)
ภคินี (Thai script)
བྷ་གི་ནཱི (Tibetan script)
𑒦𑒑𑒱𑒢𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
𑨡𑨍𑨁𑨝𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. Has been connected to भग (bhaga) in both the "good fortune" and "vulva" senses (the latter sense is considered to be specialized from the former sense). However, Ghurye rejects connections to भग (bhaga) and the related भाग (bhāga, “luck, fortune”), as well as to भ्रातृ (bhrātṛ, “brother”), as fanciful.^[1] Descendant terms in attested Middle Indo-Aryan and most Neo Indo-Aryan languages start with the syllable bah-, which presupposes Old Indo-Aryan *bagh-, making a derivation from an unattested form *बघिनी (*baghinī) plausible; due to the unlikelihood of a metathesis of initial aspiration in Indo-Aryan, the attested form may postdate the unattested one.^[2] By surface analysis, भग (bhaga) +‎ -इनी (-inī).

Noun

भगिनी • (bhaginī) stem, f

Declension

Feminine ī-stem declension of भगिनी
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	भगिनी (bhaginī)	भगिन्यौ (bhaginyau) भगिनी¹ (bhaginī¹)	भगिन्यः (bhaginyaḥ) भगिनीः¹ (bhaginīḥ¹)
accusative	भगिनीम् (bhaginīm)	भगिन्यौ (bhaginyau) भगिनी¹ (bhaginī¹)	भगिनीः (bhaginīḥ)
instrumental	भगिन्या (bhaginyā)	भगिनीभ्याम् (bhaginībhyām)	भगिनीभिः (bhaginībhiḥ)
dative	भगिन्यै (bhaginyai)	भगिनीभ्याम् (bhaginībhyām)	भगिनीभ्यः (bhaginībhyaḥ)
ablative	भगिन्याः (bhaginyāḥ) भगिन्यै² (bhaginyai²)	भगिनीभ्याम् (bhaginībhyām)	भगिनीभ्यः (bhaginībhyaḥ)
genitive	भगिन्याः (bhaginyāḥ) भगिन्यै² (bhaginyai²)	भगिन्योः (bhaginyoḥ)	भगिनीनाम् (bhaginīnām)
locative	भगिन्याम् (bhaginyām)	भगिन्योः (bhaginyoḥ)	भगिनीषु (bhaginīṣu)
vocative	भगिनि (bhagini)	भगिन्यौ (bhaginyau) भगिनी¹ (bhaginī¹)	भगिन्यः (bhaginyaḥ) भगिनीः¹ (bhaginīḥ¹)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀪𑀇𑀡𑀺 (bhaïṇi)
Dardic:
- Kashmiri: بیٚنہِ (beni)
Gandhari: 𐨧𐨒𐨁𐨣𐨁 (bhagini)
Magadhi Prakrit: *𑀪𑁃𑀡𑀻 (*bhaiṇī), *𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀡𑀻 (*bahiṇī)
- Early Assamese: বহিনী (bohinī), *ভৈনী (bhoinī)
  - Assamese: বৈনী (boini), বনী (boni), ভনী (bhoni)
- Middle Bengali: বহিন (bohin), ভইনী (bhoini), ভইন (bhoin)
  - Bengali: বহিন (bohin), বইন (boin), বোন (bōn)
- → Bengali: ভগিনী (bhogini)
- Kamta: বৈনী (boini)
- Sylheti: ꠜꠂꠘ (boin)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀪𑁃𑀡𑀻 (bhaiṇī), 𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀡𑀻 (bahiṇī)
- Konkani: भैण (bhaiṇ)
- Old Marathi: बहिणी (bahiṇī)
  - Marathi: बहीण (bahīṇ)
→ Old Javanese: [script needed] (bhaginī)
Pali: bhaginī
- → Khmer: ភគិនី (phĕəʼkinii)
- → Lao: ພະຄິນີ (pha khi nī)
- → Thai: ภคินี
Sauraseni Prakrit: *𑀪𑁃𑀡𑀻 (*bhaiṇī), *𑀩𑀳𑀺𑀡𑀻 (*bahiṇī)
- Old Gujarati: बहिन (bahina)
  - Dhundhari: भैण (bhaiṇ)
  - Gujarati: બહેન (bahen)
  - Malvi: भेन (bhen)
  - Mewari: बेन (ben), बहिन (bahin)
- Kachchi: ભેણ (bheṇ)
- Hindi: बहन (bahan)
- → Hindi: भगिनी (bhaginī)
- Punjabi: ਭੈਣ (bhaiṇ)
- Romani: phen, pheny, phej, phey
  - Angloromani: pen, pan, pey
- Marwari: भैण (bhaiṇ)
Khasa Prakrit:
- Nepali: बहिनी (bahinī)
→ Tamil: பகினி (pakiṉi)
→ Telugu: భగిని (bhagini)
→ Malayalam: ഭഗിനി (bhagini)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “भगिनी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 744/1.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 361
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 460

^ Ghurye, G. S. (1955). Family and Kin in Indo-European Culture. United Kingdom: Geoffrey Cumberlege, Oxford University Press, p. 26
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bhaginī”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 531

[1] Ghurye, G. S. (1955). Family and Kin in Indo-European Culture. United Kingdom: Geoffrey Cumberlege, Oxford University Press, p. 26

[2] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bhaginī”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 531

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