मांस

See also: माँस, मांसं, मास, मासु, मासा, मौसी, मूसा, and मिस

Hindi

Alternative forms

माँस (mā̃s)
मास (mās) — obsolete

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa), from Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa), from Proto-Indo-European *mēmsóm. Cognate with Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌼𐌶 (mimz) and Albanian mish.

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /mɑːns/, [mä̃ːns]

Noun

मांस • (māns) m (Urdu spelling مانس or ماس)

meat
Synonyms: गोश्त (gośt), बोटी (boṭī)

यह मांस में बहुत चिकनाई होती है।
yah māns mẽ bahut ciknāī hotī hai.
There is a lot of grease in this meat.

यह मांस विशेष रूप से तुम्हारे लिए पकाया गया था।
yah māns viśeṣ rūp se tumhāre lie pakāyā gayā thā.
This meat was cooked especially for you.
flesh
रोग के कारण, उसके टांग का मांस फूला-फूला हो गया था।
rog ke kāraṇ, uske ṭāṅg kā māns phūlā-phūlā ho gayā thā.
Due to the disease, the flesh on his legs became swollen.

Declension

Declension of *मांस* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	मांस māns	मांस māns
oblique	मांस māns	मांसों mānsõ
vocative	मांस māns	मांसो mānso

Related terms

मांसपेशी (mānspeśī)
मांसभक्षी (mānsbhakṣī)
मांसल (mānsal)
मांसाहार (mānsāhār)
मांसाहारी (mānsāhārī)
हाड़-मांस (hāṛ-māns)

References

Bahri, Hardev (1989) “मांस”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मांस”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

From Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mau.sə/

Noun

मांस • (māusa) n

flesh

Declension

Declension of मांस (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	मांस māusa
direct plural	मांसे, मांसं māuse, māusa
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	मांस māusa	मांसे, मांसं māuse, māusa
oblique सामान्यरूप	मांसा māusā	मांसां- māusān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	मांसाला māusālā	मांसांना māusānnā
ergative	मांसाने, मांसानं māusāne, māusāna	मांसांनी māusānnī
instrumental	मांसाशी māusāśī	मांसांशी māusānśī
locative सप्तमी	मांसात māusāt	मांसांत māusāt
vocative संबोधन	मांसा māusā	मांसांनो māusānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of मांस (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	मांसाचा māusāċā	मांसाचे māusāċe	मांसाची māusācī	मांसाच्या māusācā	मांसाचे, मांसाचं māusāċe, māusāċa	मांसाची māusācī	मांसाच्या māusācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	मांसांचा māusānċā	मांसांचे māusānċe	मांसांची māusāñcī	मांसांच्या māusāncā	मांसांचे, मांसांचं māusānċe, māusānċa	मांसांची māusāñcī	मांसांच्या māusāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

मांसाहारी (māusāhārī, “non vegetarian”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

মাংস (Assamese script)
ᬫᬵᬂᬲ (Balinese script)
মাংস (Bengali script)
𑰦𑰯𑰽𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀫𑀸𑀁𑀲 (Brahmi script)
မာံသ (Burmese script)
માંસ (Gujarati script)
ਮਾਂਸ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌮𑌾𑌂𑌸 (Grantha script)
ꦩꦴꦁꦱ (Javanese script)
𑂧𑂰𑂁𑂮 (Kaithi script)
ಮಾಂಸ (Kannada script)
មាំស (Khmer script)
ມາໍສ (Lao script)
മാംസ (Malayalam script)
ᢀ᠋ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘭 (Modi script)
ᢀ᠋ᠮᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧆𑧑𑧞𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
𑐩𑐵𑑄𑐳 (Newa script)
ମାଂସ (Odia script)
ꢪꢵꢀꢱ (Saurashtra script)
𑆩𑆳𑆁𑆱 (Sharada script)
𑖦𑖯𑖽𑖭 (Siddham script)
මාංස (Sinhalese script)
𑩴𑩛𑪖𑪁 (Soyombo script)
𑚢𑚭𑚫𑚨 (Takri script)
மாஂஸ (Tamil script)
మాంస (Telugu script)
มาํส (Thai script)
མཱཾ་ས (Tibetan script)
𑒧𑒰𑓀𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
𑨢𑨊𑨸𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *mems-

Proto-Indo-European *mḗmsder.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *māmsám

Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *māmsám, from Proto-Indo-European *mēms-ó-m (“flesh, meat”). Cognate with Albanian mish, Old Church Slavonic мѧсо (męso), Latin membrum, Old Armenian միս (mis), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌼𐌶 (mimz, “meat”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ̃ː.sɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɑ̃ː.s̪ɐ/

Noun

मांस • (māṃsá) stem, n

flesh, meat
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.161.10:
  श्रो॒णाम् एक॑ उद॒कं गाम् अवा॑जति मां॒सम् एकः॑ पिंशति सू॒नयाभृ॑तं ।
  śroṇā́m éka udakáṃ gā́m ávājati māṃsám ékaḥ piṃśati sūnáyā́bhṛtaṃ.
  One drives the crippled cow downward to the water, another trims the meat brought on the carving-board.
name of a mixed caste

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of मांस
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मांसम् (māṃsám)	मांसे (māṃsé)	मांसानि (māṃsā́ni) मांसा¹ (māṃsā́¹)
accusative	मांसम् (māṃsám)	मांसे (māṃsé)	मांसानि (māṃsā́ni) मांसा¹ (māṃsā́¹)
instrumental	मांसेन (māṃséna)	मांसाभ्याम् (māṃsā́bhyām)	मांसैः (māṃsaíḥ) मांसेभिः¹ (māṃsébhiḥ¹)
dative	मांसाय (māṃsā́ya)	मांसाभ्याम् (māṃsā́bhyām)	मांसेभ्यः (māṃsébhyaḥ)
ablative	मांसात् (māṃsā́t)	मांसाभ्याम् (māṃsā́bhyām)	मांसेभ्यः (māṃsébhyaḥ)
genitive	मांसस्य (māṃsásya)	मांसयोः (māṃsáyoḥ)	मांसानाम् (māṃsā́nām)
locative	मांसे (māṃsé)	मांसयोः (māṃsáyoḥ)	मांसेषु (māṃséṣu)
vocative	मांस (mā́ṃsa)	मांसे (mā́ṃse)	मांसानि (mā́ṃsāni) मांसा¹ (mā́ṃsā¹)

¹Vedic

Borrowed terms

→ Assamese: মাংস (maṅxo)
→ Bengali: মাংস (maṅśo)
→ Hindi: मांस (māns)
→ Kannada: ಮಾಂಸ (māṃsa)
→ Malayalam: മാംസം (māṁsaṁ)
→ Malay: mangsa
→ Odia: ମାଂସ (māṁsa)
→ Old Javanese: māṅsa
- Javanese: ꦩꦁꦱ (mangsa)
- → Balinese: ᬫᬵᬗ᭄ᬲ (mangsa), ᬫᬗ᭄ᬲ (mangsa)
→ Tamil: மாமிசம் (māmicam)
→ Telugu: మాంసం (māṁsaṁ), మాంసము (māṁsamu)

Descendants

Dardic:
- Dameli: [script needed] (mās)
- Domaaki: [script needed] (mos)
- Kalami: [script needed] (mā̃s)
- Kalasha: mos
- Kashmiri: ماس (mās), ماز (māz)
- Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (mos)
- Phalura: [script needed] (mahās)
- Savi: [script needed] (mās)
- Shina: موز (moz), [script needed] (mos)
- Tirahi: [script needed] (mās)
- Torwali: ماس (mās)
- Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (mās)
Helu Prakrit:
- Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
- Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)
Kholosi: māz
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀰 (maṃśa)
- Assamese: মঙহ (moṅoh)
- Bengali: মাস (maś)
- Bihari:
  - Bhojpuri: माँस (mā̃s)
  - Magahi: 𑂧𑂰𑂁𑂮 (māns)
  - Maithili: मास (mās), मासु (māsu)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa), 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa), 𑀫𑀁𑀰 (maṃśa) — Māgadhī
- Central:
  - Eastern Hindi:
    - Chhattisgarhi: मास (mās)
  - Western Hindi:
    - Old Hindi: मांस (mā̃sa)
      - Braj: मास (mās)
      - Bundeli: मास (mās), माँस (mā̃s)
      - Hindustani: mā̃s, mās
        Hindi: माँस, मास
        Urdu: مَان٘سْ (mā̃s), مَاسْ (mās)
- Northern:
  - Central Pahari:
    - Garhwali: मासु (māsu)
    - Kumaoni: मासु (māsu)
  - Eastern Pahari:
    - Nepali: मासु (māsu)
  - Western Pahari:
    - Dogri: mās
      Devanagari script: मास
      Dogra script: 𑠢𑠬𑠩
- Southern:
  - Insular:
    - Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
    - Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)
  - Marathi-Konkani:
    - Konkani: mās
      Devanagari script: मास
      Kannada script: ಮಾಸ್
      Latin script: mas
    - Old Marathi: mauṃsa
      Devanagari script: मौंस
      Modi script: 𑘦𑘼𑘽𑘭
      - Marathi: mās, māusa
        Devanagari script: मास, मांस
        Modi script: 𑘦𑘰𑘭, 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘭
- Northwestern:
  - Sindhi: māhu
    Arabic script: ماهُ
    Devanagari script: माहु
    Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋠𑋞𑋣
- Western:
  - Ahirani: मास (mās)
  - Gojri: مَاسْ (mās)
  - Gujarati: માંસ (mā̃s)
  - Kholosi: môz
  - Malvi: माँस (mā̃s)
  - Marwari:
    Devanagari script: मंस (mans), मांस (māns), माँस (mā̃s), मौंस (ma͠us)
    Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅧𑅰 (mns), 𑅬𑅒𑅧𑅰 (muns)
  - Romani: mas
- Old Marathi: मांस (māṃsa)
  - Marathi: मांस (māusa)
Pali: maṁsa
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa), 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa), 𑀫𑀁𑀰 (maṃśa) — Māgadhī
- Central:
  - Eastern Hindi:
    - Chhattisgarhi: मास (mās)
  - Western Hindi:
    - Old Hindi: मांस (mā̃sa)
      - Braj: मास (mās)
      - Bundeli: मास (mās), माँस (mā̃s)
      - Hindustani: mā̃s, mās
        Hindi: माँस, मास
        Urdu: مَان٘سْ (mā̃s), مَاسْ (mās)
- Northern:
  - Central Pahari:
    - Garhwali: मासु (māsu)
    - Kumaoni: मासु (māsu)
  - Eastern Pahari:
    - Nepali: मासु (māsu)
  - Western Pahari:
    - Dogri: mās
      Devanagari script: मास
      Dogra script: 𑠢𑠬𑠩
- Southern:
  - Insular:
    - Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
    - Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)
  - Marathi-Konkani:
    - Konkani: mās
      Devanagari script: मास
      Kannada script: ಮಾಸ್
      Latin script: mas
    - Old Marathi: mauṃsa
      Devanagari script: मौंस
      Modi script: 𑘦𑘼𑘽𑘭
      - Marathi: mās, māusa
        Devanagari script: मास, मांस
        Modi script: 𑘦𑘰𑘭, 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘭
- Northwestern:
  - Sindhi: māhu
    Arabic script: ماهُ
    Devanagari script: माहु
    Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋠𑋞𑋣
- Western:
  - Ahirani: मास (mās)
  - Gojri: مَاسْ (mās)
  - Gujarati: માંસ (mā̃s)
  - Kholosi: môz
  - Malvi: माँस (mā̃s)
  - Marwari:
    Devanagari script: मंस (mans), मांस (māns), माँस (mā̃s), मौंस (ma͠us)
    Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅧𑅰 (mns), 𑅬𑅒𑅧𑅰 (muns)
  - Romani: mas
→ Tamil: மாமிசம் (māmicam)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “मांस”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 805/1.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 343-4
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “māṁsá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press