मार
Hindi
Etymology
From मारना (mārnā, “to kill”).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /mɑːɾ/, [mäːɾ]
Noun
मार • (mār) f
- killing
- a beating, fight
- target; shot, strike, goal
- Synonym: निशाना (niśānā)
- loss, grief
- Synonym: दुःख (duḥkh)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | मार mār |
मारें mārẽ |
| oblique | मार mār |
मारों mārõ |
| vocative | मार mār |
मारो māro |
Verb
मार • (mār)
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Noun
मार m
- Devanagari script form of māra (“distraction”)
Declension
Declension table of "मार" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | मारो (māro) | मारा (mārā) |
| Accusative (second) | मारं (māraṃ) | मारे (māre) |
| Instrumental (third) | मारेन (mārena) | मारेहि (mārehi) or मारेभि (mārebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | मारस्स (mārassa) or माराय (mārāya) or मारत्थं (māratthaṃ) | मारानं (mārānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | मारस्मा (mārasmā) or मारम्हा (māramhā) or मारा (mārā) | मारेहि (mārehi) or मारेभि (mārebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | मारस्स (mārassa) | मारानं (mārānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | मारस्मिं (mārasmiṃ) or मारम्हि (māramhi) or मारे (māre) | मारेसु (māresu) |
| Vocative (calling) | मार (māra) | मारा (mārā) |
Proper noun
मार m
- Devanagari script form of māra (“Mara”)
Declension
Declension table of "मार" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | मारो (māro) | मारा (mārā) |
| Accusative (second) | मारं (māraṃ) | मारे (māre) |
| Instrumental (third) | मारेन (mārena) | मारेहि (mārehi) or मारेभि (mārebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | मारस्स (mārassa) or माराय (mārāya) or मारत्थं (māratthaṃ) | मारानं (mārānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | मारस्मा (mārasmā) or मारम्हा (māramhā) or मारा (mārā) | मारेहि (mārehi) or मारेभि (mārebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | मारस्स (mārassa) | मारानं (mārānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | मारस्मिं (mārasmiṃ) or मारम्हि (māramhi) or मारे (māre) | मारेसु (māresu) |
| Vocative (calling) | मार (māra) | मारा (mārā) |
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- মাৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬫᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
- মার (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- မာရ (Burmese script)
- માર (Gujarati script)
- ਮਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌮𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦩꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂧𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಮಾರ (Kannada script)
- មារ (Khmer script)
- ມາຣ (Lao script)
- മാര (Malayalam script)
- ᠮᠠ᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘦𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧆𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
- ମାର (Odia script)
- ꢪꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
- මාර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩴𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚢𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
- மார (Tamil script)
- మార (Telugu script)
- มาร (Thai script)
- མཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨢𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *mā́ras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *mór-os, from *mer- (“to die”). Cognate with English mare (whence nightmare), German Mahr, Lithuanian mãras, Polish mara, Serbo-Croatian мо̏ра.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /mɑː.ɾɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /mɑː.ɾɐ/
Adjective
मार • (māra) stem
Noun
मार • (māra) stem, m
- death, pestilence
- slaying, killing (compare पशु-म्°)
- an obstacle, hindrance
- the passion of love, god of love
- (Buddhism) the Destroyer, Evil One (who tempts men to indulge their passions and is the great enemy of the बुद्ध and his religion; four are enumerated in Dharmas. 80, viz. स्कन्ध-, क्लेश-, देवपुत्र-, and मृत्यु-म्°; but the later Buddhist theory of races of gods led to the figment of millions of ruled over by a chief )
- the thorn-apple (L.)
- pestilence (also personified as the goddess of death and identified with दुर्गा)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | मारः (māraḥ) | मारौ (mārau) मारा¹ (mārā¹) |
माराः (mārāḥ) मारासः¹ (mārāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | मारम् (māram) | मारौ (mārau) मारा¹ (mārā¹) |
मारान् (mārān) |
| instrumental | मारेण (māreṇa) | माराभ्याम् (mārābhyām) | मारैः (māraiḥ) मारेभिः¹ (mārebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | माराय (mārāya) | माराभ्याम् (mārābhyām) | मारेभ्यः (mārebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | मारात् (mārāt) | माराभ्याम् (mārābhyām) | मारेभ्यः (mārebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | मारस्य (mārasya) | मारयोः (mārayoḥ) | माराणाम् (mārāṇām) |
| locative | मारे (māre) | मारयोः (mārayoḥ) | मारेषु (māreṣu) |
| vocative | मार (māra) | मारौ (mārau) मारा¹ (mārā¹) |
माराः (mārāḥ) मारासः¹ (mārāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Balinese: ᬫᬵᬭ (mara)
- → Chinese: 魔羅 / 魔罗 (móluó)
- → Japanese: 魔羅 (mara)
- → Indonesian: mara (“calamity”)
- → Khmer: មារ (miə)
- → Lü: ᦙᦱᧃ (maan)
- → Thai: มาร (maan, “demon”)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “मार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 811, column 3.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “māra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 578