वाण
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
- ৱাণ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬵᬡ (Balinese script)
- বাণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰯𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀸𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- ဝါဏ (Burmese script)
- વાણ (Gujarati script)
- ਵਾਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑌾𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦴꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂰𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ವಾಣ (Kannada script)
- វាណ (Khmer script)
- ວາຓ (Lao script)
- വാണ (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᠠ᠊ᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘰𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠠᢗᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧑𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐵𑐞 (Newa script)
- ଵାଣ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢵꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆳𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖯𑖜 (Siddham script)
- වාණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩛𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚭𑚘 (Takri script)
- வாண (Tamil script)
- వాణ (Telugu script)
- วาณ (Thai script)
- ཝཱ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒰𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨊𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Of unclear origin.
Müller connects the word to Proto-Iranian *vāna-ka-, reflected in Persian بانگ (bâng, “voice, noise”). However, the Persian term is likely derived from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“voice, speech”), whence वाच् (vāc, “speech”), while वाण (vāṇa) is not easily derivable from that root.
Turner's attempt to link the word to Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- (“to speak, say”) is formally unconvincing. Mayrhofer also rejects connections to वण् (vaṇ, “to sound”) and leaves the origin of the latter open.
Alternatively, Kuiper takes the word as a Munda borrowing.
Whether or not the "arrow" meaning is a semantic extension of the "noise" meaning or a phonetic variant of बाण (bāṇa, “arrow”) is uncertain.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ʋɑː.ɳɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ʋɑː.ɳɐ/
Noun
वाण • (vāṇá) stem, m
- sounding, a sound (Kir.)
- an arrow
- music (especially of flutes, harps, etc.)
- (music) a harp with 100 strings (TS., Br., ŚrS.)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वाणः (vāṇáḥ) | वाणौ (vāṇaú) वाणा¹ (vāṇā́¹) |
वाणाः (vāṇā́ḥ) वाणासः¹ (vāṇā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | वाणम् (vāṇám) | वाणौ (vāṇaú) वाणा¹ (vāṇā́¹) |
वाणान् (vāṇā́n) |
| instrumental | वाणेन (vāṇéna) | वाणाभ्याम् (vāṇā́bhyām) | वाणैः (vāṇaíḥ) वाणेभिः¹ (vāṇébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वाणाय (vāṇā́ya) | वाणाभ्याम् (vāṇā́bhyām) | वाणेभ्यः (vāṇébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वाणात् (vāṇā́t) | वाणाभ्याम् (vāṇā́bhyām) | वाणेभ्यः (vāṇébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वाणस्य (vāṇásya) | वाणयोः (vāṇáyoḥ) | वाणानाम् (vāṇā́nām) |
| locative | वाणे (vāṇé) | वाणयोः (vāṇáyoḥ) | वाणेषु (vāṇéṣu) |
| vocative | वाण (vā́ṇa) | वाणौ (vā́ṇau) वाणा¹ (vā́ṇā¹) |
वाणाः (vā́ṇāḥ) वाणासः¹ (vā́ṇāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
वाण • (vāṇa) stem, n
- the sound of a particular small hand drum (L.)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | वाणम् (vāṇam) | वाणे (vāṇe) | वाणानि (vāṇāni) वाणा¹ (vāṇā¹) |
| accusative | वाणम् (vāṇam) | वाणे (vāṇe) | वाणानि (vāṇāni) वाणा¹ (vāṇā¹) |
| instrumental | वाणेन (vāṇena) | वाणाभ्याम् (vāṇābhyām) | वाणैः (vāṇaiḥ) वाणेभिः¹ (vāṇebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | वाणाय (vāṇāya) | वाणाभ्याम् (vāṇābhyām) | वाणेभ्यः (vāṇebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | वाणात् (vāṇāt) | वाणाभ्याम् (vāṇābhyām) | वाणेभ्यः (vāṇebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | वाणस्य (vāṇasya) | वाणयोः (vāṇayoḥ) | वाणानाम् (vāṇānām) |
| locative | वाणे (vāṇe) | वाणयोः (vāṇayoḥ) | वाणेषु (vāṇeṣu) |
| vocative | वाण (vāṇa) | वाणे (vāṇe) | वाणानि (vāṇāni) वाणा¹ (vāṇā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Related terms
- वाणी (vā́ṇī)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “वाण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0939/2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 541
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 130; 184