श्यै

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

श्या (śyā), शी (śī), शै (śai)

Alternative scripts

শ্যৈ (Assamese script)
ᬰ᭄ᬬᬿ (Balinese script)
শ্যৈ (Bengali script)
𑰫𑰿𑰧𑰹 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀰𑁆𑀬𑁃 (Brahmi script)
ၐျဲ (Burmese script)
શ્યૈ (Gujarati script)
ਸ਼੍ਯੈ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌶𑍍𑌯𑍈 (Grantha script)
ꦯꦾꦻ (Javanese script)
𑂬𑂹𑂨𑂶 (Kaithi script)
ಶ್ಯೈ (Kannada script)
ឝ្យៃ (Khmer script)
ຨ຺ໄຍ (Lao script)
ശ്യൈ (Malayalam script)
ᡧᠶᠠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘫𑘿𑘧𑘺 (Modi script)
ᠱᠶ᠋ᠧᠧ (Mongolian script)
𑧋𑧠𑧇𑧛 (Nandinagari script)
𑐱𑑂𑐫𑐿 (Newa script)
ଶ୍ଯୈ (Odia script)
ꢯ꣄ꢫꣀ (Saurashtra script)
𑆯𑇀𑆪𑆽 (Sharada script)
𑖫𑖿𑖧𑖹 (Siddham script)
ශ්‍යෛ (Sinhalese script)
𑩿 𑪙𑩻𑩗 (Soyombo script)
𑚧𑚶𑚣𑚳 (Takri script)
ஶ்யை (Tamil script)
శ్యై (Telugu script)
ศฺไย (Thai script)
ཤྱཻ (Tibetan script)
𑒬𑓂𑒨𑒻 (Tirhuta script)
𑨮𑩇𑨪𑨇 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Related to Ossetian суюн (sujun, “freeze”). Outside of Indo-Iranian, perhaps related to Lithuanian šešélis (“shade, shadow”) or Ancient Greek κιέλλη (kiéllē). Historically, श्याम (śyāma, “dark”) and शिशिर (śiśira, “cool”) were connected to this root but this may be folk etymology.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕjɑːj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕjɑj/

Root

श्यै • (śyai)

to coagulate, freeze

Derived terms

Primary Verbal Forms

श्यायति (śyā́yati) (Present)
श्यास्यते (śyāsyate) (Future)
श्याता (śyātā) (Periphrastic Future)
अश्यास्त (aśyāsta) (Aorist)
शश्ये (śaśye) (Perfect)

Secondary Forms

शीयते (śīyáte) (Passive)
श्यापयति (śyāpayati) (Causative)
शिश्यासते (śiśyāsate) (Desiderative)
शाश्यायते (śāśyāyate) (Intensive)
शाश्येति (śāśyeti) (Intensive)
शाश्याति (śāśyāti) (Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

शीत (śītá) (Past Participle)
शीन (śīná) (Past Participle)
श्यान (śyāna) (Past Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

अवश्या (avaśyā)
शिशिर (śiśira)
श्याम (śyāma)

Descendants

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root श्यै (4 c, 0 e)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “श्यै”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1095/2.
William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 177

Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 660-1
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 383-4