ἄχνυμαι
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʰ- (“to be upset, afraid”). Cognate with Old Irish ad·ágathar (“to fear”) and Gothic 𐍉𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ōgjan, “to scare”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /á.kʰny.mai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.kʰny.mɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.xny.mɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.xny.me/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.xni.me/
Verb
ἄχνῠμαι • (ákhnŭmai) (chiefly Epic)
- to be distressed
- to grieve
Cf. ἀχεύω.
Conjugation
Present: ἄχνῠμαι (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἄχνῠμαι | ἄχνῠσαι | ἄχνῠται | ἄχνῠσθον | ἄχνῠσθον | ἀχνῠ́μεθα | ἄχνῠσθε | ἄχνῠνται | ||||
| subjunctive | ἀχνῠ́ωμαι | ἀχνῠ́ῃ | ἀχνῠ́ηται | ἀχνῠ́ησθον | ἀχνῠ́ησθον | ἀχνῠώμε(σ)θᾰ | ἀχνῠ́ησθε | ἀχνῠ́ωνται | |||||
| optative | ἀχνῠοίμην | ἀχνῠ́οιο | ἀχνῠ́οιτο | ἀχνῠ́οισθον | ἀχνῠοίσθην | ἀχνῠοίμε(σ)θᾰ | ἀχνῠ́οισθε | ἀχνῠοίᾰτο | |||||
| imperative | ἄχνῠσο | ἀχνῠ́σθω | ἄχνῠσθον | ἀχνῠ́σθων | ἄχνῠσθε | ἀχνῠ́σθων | |||||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἄχνῠσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀχνῠ́μενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἀχνῠμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἀχνῠ́μενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἀχνῠ́μην (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀχνῠ́μην | ἄχνῠσο | ἄχνῠτο | ἄχνῠσθον | ἀχνῠ́σθην | ἀχνῠ́με(σ)θᾰ | ἄχνῠσθε | ἄχνῠντο | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἀκαχόμην (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἀκαχόμην | ἀκάχεο | ἀκάχετο | ἀκάχεσθον | ἀκαχέσθην | ἀκαχόμε(σ)θᾰ | ἀκάχεσθε | ἀκάχοντο | ||||
| subjunctive | ἀκάχωμαι | ἀκάχηαι | ἀκάχηται | ἀκάχησθον | ἀκάχησθον | ἀκαχώμε(σ)θᾰ | ἀκάχησθε | ἀκάχωνται | |||||
| optative | ἀκαχοίμην | ἀκάχοιο | ἀκάχοιτο | ἀκάχοισθον | ἀκαχοίσθην | ἀκαχοίμε(σ)θᾰ | ἀκάχοισθε | ἀκαχοίᾰτο | |||||
| imperative | ἀκάχεο | ἀκαχέσθω | ἀκάχεσθον | ἀκαχέσθων | ἀκάχεσθε | ἀκαχέσθων | |||||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀκαχέσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀκαχόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἀκαχομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἀκαχόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: ἀκάχημαι (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀκάχημαι | ἀκάχησαι | ἀκάχηται | ἀκάχησθον | ἀκάχησθον | ἀκαχήμεθᾰ | ἀκάχησθε | ἀκηχέδαται | ||||
| subjunctive | ἀκαχημένος ὦ | ἀκαχημένος ᾖς | ἀκαχημένος ᾖ | ἀκαχημένω ἦτον | ἀκαχημένω ἦτον | ἀκαχημένοι ὦμεν | ἀκαχημένοι ἦτε | ἀκαχημένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ἀκαχημένος εἴην | ἀκαχημένος εἴης | ἀκαχημένος εἴη | ἀκαχημένω εἴητον / εἶτον | ἀκαχημένω εἰήτην / εἴτην | ἀκαχημένοι εἴημεν / εἶμεν | ἀκαχημένοι εἴητε / εἶτε | ἀκαχήμενοι εἰησᾰ́ν / εἰεν | |||||
| imperative | ἀκάχησο | ἀκαχήσθω | ἀκάχησθον | ἀκαχήσθων | ἀκάχησθε | ἀκαχήσθων | |||||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀκαχῆσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀκαχημένος | |||||||||||
| f | ἀκαχημένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἀκαχημένον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Pluperfect: ἀκαχήμην (Epic)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀκαχήμην | ἀκάχησο | ἀκάχητο | ἀκάχησθον | ἀκαχήσθην | ἀκαχήμεθᾰ | ἀκάχησθε | ἀκαχήατο | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Related terms
Further reading
- “ἄχνυμαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἄχνυμαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄχνυμαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ἄχνυμαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press