一竅不通
Chinese
one; single; a one; single; a; (before verbs) as soon as, once; (before a noun) entire (family, etc.) |
intelligence; opening | to be obstructed; to be unable to get through; to not understand | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
trad. (一竅不通) | 一 | 竅 | 不通 | |
simp. (一窍不通) | 一 | 窍 | 不通 | |
Literally: “not even a single aperture being open”. |
Etymology
Originally describing King Zhou of Shang, from Lüshi Chunqiu:
- 殺比干而視其心,不適也。孔子聞之曰:“其竅通則比干不死矣。” [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE
- Shā Bǐgān ér shì qí xīn, bùshì yě. Kǒngzǐ wén zhī yuē: “Qí qiào tōng zé Bǐgān bù sǐ yǐ.” [Pinyin]
- Bi Gan was slain and his heart was taken out to be examined. This was against the rules of propriety as well. When Confucius heard about his tyrannical deeds, he said, “Bi Gan would not have died if Zhou were not that impermeable.” (Non-literal translation)
杀比干而视其心,不适也。孔子闻之曰:“其窍通则比干不死矣。” [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
Where Gao You annotated as follows:
- 紂性不仁,心不通,安於爲惡,殺比干,故孔子言其一竅通,則比干不見殺也。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- Zhòu xìng bùrén, xīn bùtōng, ānyú wéi è, shā Bǐgān, gù Kǒngzǐ yán qí yī qiào tōng, zé Bǐgān bù jiàn shā yě. [Pinyin]
- King Zhou was so morally corrupt and mentally obtuse that he was steeped in evil deeds, even ordering [his loyal minister] Bi Gan executed. Therefore, Confucius remarked that [as long as] he has one aperture open, Bi Gan would not have been killed then.
纣性不仁,心不通,安于为恶,杀比干,故孔子言其一窍通,则比干不见杀也。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
Note that in ancient China, it was popularly believed that the seat of consciousness, thought and emotion is located in one's heart, in other words, the heart governs the mind, as reflected in Mencius' assertion, "The function of the heart is to think".
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yīqiàobùtōng [Phonetic: yíqiàobùtōng]
- Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄑㄧㄠˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄊㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yiciàobùtong
- Wade–Giles: i1-chʻiao4-pu4-tʻung1
- Yale: yī-chyàu-bù-tūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ichiawbutong
- Palladius: ицяобутун (icjaobutun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵⁻³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jat1 hiu3 bat1 tung1
- Yale: yāt hiu bāt tūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: jat7 hiu3 bat7 tung1
- Guangdong Romanization: yed1 hiu3 bed1 tung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐt̚⁵ hiːu̯³³ pɐt̚⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Idiom
一竅不通
- to not understand a thing about the topic; it's all Greek to me