光天化日
Chinese
| light; ray; bright | day; sky; heaven | to make into; to change into; ‑ization to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform |
day; sun; date day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (光天化日) | 光 | 天 | 化 | 日 | |
| simp. #(光天化日) | 光 | 天 | 化 | 日 | |
Etymology
According to the scholar Hui Dong (惠棟), the original (or prescriptionist) form of 化日 in the phrase might have been 治日 (“enlightened, well-governed times”). In this theory, during much of the Tang Dynasty, the written corpus saw systematic censorship of the character 治 (zhì) due to 諱／讳 (huì, “naming taboo”) regarding the name of Li Zhi (李治), the Emperor Gaozong of Tang. The character 化 (huà) was among the most frequently-used replacements, and its legacy continued to influence later generations, who went on to use 化 where 治 would be expected even if the taboo was no longer in force.[1]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: guāngtiānhuàrì
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄖˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guangtianhuàrìh
- Wade–Giles: kuang1-tʻien1-hua4-jih4
- Yale: gwāng-tyān-hwà-r̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guangtianhuahryh
- Palladius: гуантяньхуажи (guantjanʹxuaži)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gwong1 tin1 faa3 jat6
- Yale: gwōng tīn fa yaht
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwong1 tin1 faa3 jat9
- Guangdong Romanization: guong1 tin1 fa3 yed6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵ faː³³ jɐt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Idiom
光天化日
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 光天化日 (“in broad daylight”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 光天化日 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 日光日白 |
| Hong Kong | 日光日白 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 當頭白日 |
| Quanzhou | 長晝白日, 當頭白日 | |
| Zhangzhou | 大當白日, 當頭白日 | |
| Taipei | 當頭白日 GT | |
| Kaohsiung | 當頭白日 GT | |
| Shantou | 透堂白日 | |
| Jieyang | 透堂白日 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 大白天亮 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |