口氣
See also: 口气
Chinese
| mouth; (a measure word, for people, livestock or utensils) | gas; air; smell gas; air; smell; weather; vital breath; to make someone angry; to get angry; to be enraged | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (口氣) | 口 | 氣 | |
| simp. (口气) | 口 | 气 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: kǒuqì → kǒuqi (toneless final syllable variant)
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄡˇ ㄑㄧˋ → ㄎㄡˇ ˙ㄑㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: kǒuci̊
- Wade–Giles: kʻou3-chʻi5
- Yale: kǒu-chi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koou.chih
- Palladius: коуци (kouci)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/ → /kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴ t͡ɕʰi⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hau2 hei3
- Yale: háu hei
- Cantonese Pinyin: hau2 hei3
- Guangdong Romanization: heo2 héi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɐu̯³⁵ hei̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khió-khì
- Tâi-lô: khió-khì
- Phofsit Daibuun: qioy'qix
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰi⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kháu-khì
- Tâi-lô: kháu-khì
- Phofsit Daibuun: qaw'qix
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰi¹¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰi²¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰi²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Noun
口氣
- tone; manner of speaking
- meaning behind the words; undertone; implied meaning; undercurrent
- breath; (especially) bad breath
- (obsolete) accent; dialect
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 口臭 (“bad breath; halitosis”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 口過, 口氣 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 口臭 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 口臭 |
| Harbin | 口臭 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 口臭, 嘴臭 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 嘴臭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 口臭 |
| Wanrong | 嘴臭 | |
| Xining | 口臭 | |
| Xuzhou | 口臭, 嘴臭, 臭嘴 | |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 口臭 |
| Ürümqi | 口臭 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 口臭, 嘴臭, 嘴巴臭 |
| Wuhan | 口臭 | |
| Guiyang | 嘴巴臭 | |
| Liuzhou | 嘴臭 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 口臭 |
| Yangzhou | 臭嘴 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 口臭 |
| Hong Kong | 口臭 | |
| Dongguan | 口臭 | |
| Gan | Lichuan | 口臭 |
| Pingxiang | 嘴巴臭 | |
| Hakka | Yudu | 嘴角臭 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 口臭 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 嘴臭 |
| Xinzhou | 口臭 | |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 喙盡臭 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 嘴臭, 臭嘴 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 喙臭, 喙臭火, 臭火氣 |
| Taipei | 喙臭 GT | |
| Leizhou | 喙臭 | |
| Haikou | 喙臭 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 口臭 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 口臭, 嘴臭 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 口臭 | |
| Suzhou | 嘴臭 | |
| Danyang | 口臭 | |
| Hangzhou | 口臭 | |
| Ningbo | 口臭 | |
| Jinhua | 口臭 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 口臭 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |
Derived terms
- 探口氣 / 探口气
Related terms
Descendants
References
- “口氣”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.