哲

哲	U+54F2, 哲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54F2

← 哱
[U+54F1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

哳 →
[U+54F3]

Translingual

Han character

哲 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手中口 (QLR), four-corner 5260₂, composition ⿱折口)

Derived characters

𠹗, 𡏥, 𢲃, 𣻂, 𭩁, 𥉭, 𦄃, 𧎴, 𩺢, 𭗀, 𠑵

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 191, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3667
Dae Jaweon: page 410, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 625, character 3
Unihan data for U+54F2

Chinese

simp. and trad.		哲
alternative forms		喆嚞啠悊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 哲
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (折) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
晢	ʔljeds, ʔljed
狾	*ʔljeds
誓	*ɦljeds
逝	*ɦljeds
銴	ɢljeds, ɢʷleds
折	l'eːl, ʔljed, *ɦljed
娎	hleːws, qʰred
哳	*ʔr'eːd
踅	*sɢʷled
哲	*ʔl'ed
蜇	*ʔl'ed
悊	*ʔl'ed
嚞	*ted
喆	*ted
硩	l̥ʰed, l̥ʰeːɡ
浙	*ʔljed
晣	*ʔljed
焎	*hred

In bronze script, written as 悊 (zhé) and other variants, with no evidence of the existence of 哲 (zhé) until small seal script. In 說文解字／说文解字 (Shuōwén Jiězì), described as a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔl'ed): phonetic 折 (OC *l'eːl, *ʔljed, *ɦljed) + semantic 口 (“mouth”) .

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhé (zhe²)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄜˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zit³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chat

(Hailu, HRS): zhad
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): deh⁶ / zeh⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiat / thiat

(Teochew, Peng'im): diag⁴ / diêg⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhé
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhé
  - Wade–Giles: chê²
  - Yale: jé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jer
  - Palladius: чжэ (čžɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zit³
  - Yale: jit
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzit⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: jid³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːt̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chat
  - Hakka Romanization System: zad^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zad⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sat̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zhad
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃat⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: deh⁶
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: deh
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛʔ²¹/
- (Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: deh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /te̞ʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: deh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛʔ²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zeh⁶
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ceh
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛʔ²¹/
- (Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zeh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡se̞ʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zeh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛʔ²/

Note:

deh6 - old reading;
zeh6 - new reading.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiat
  - Tâi-lô: tiat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diad
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɛt̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɛt̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiat
  - Tâi-lô: thiat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tiad
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰiɛt̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: diag⁴ / diêg⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiak / tiek
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiak̚²/, /tiek̚²/

Note:

diag4 - Shantou;
diêg4 - Chaozhou.

Middle Chinese: trjet

Rime
Character	哲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	薛 (83)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	陟列切
Baxter	trjet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠiᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈiat̚/
Li Rong	/ȶjɛt̚/
Wang Li	/ȶĭɛt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶi̯ɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhe
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zit³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tr[e]t/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'ed/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	哲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhé
Middle Chinese	‹ trjet ›
Old Chinese	/*tr[e]t/
English	wise
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	哲
Reading #	1/1
No.	16941
Phonetic component	折
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ʔl'ed/

Definitions

哲

wise, sagacious
wise man, sage
short for 哲學／哲学 (zhéxué, “philosophy”)
馬哲／马哲 ― mǎzhé ― Marxist philosophy

Compounds

來哲 / 来哲
先哲 (xiānzhé)
力行哲學 / 力行哲学
十哲
印度哲學 / 印度哲学
哲人 (zhérén)
哲人其萎
哲人石
哲匠
哲嗣
哲夫 (zhéfū)
哲婦 / 哲妇
哲學 / 哲学 (zhéxué)
哲學博士 / 哲学博士 (zhéxué bóshì)
哲學史 / 哲学史
哲學家 / 哲学家 (zhéxuéjiā)
哲學碩士 / 哲学硕士 (zhéxuéshuòshì)
哲學系 / 哲学系
哲王
哲理 (zhélǐ)
宋哲宗
希臘哲學 / 希腊哲学
常識哲學 / 常识哲学
往哲 (wǎngzhé)
批判哲學 / 批判哲学
政治哲學 / 政治哲学
教父哲學 / 教父哲学
教育哲學 / 教育哲学
啟蒙哲學 / 启蒙哲学
明哲 (míngzhé)
明哲保身 (míngzhébǎoshēn)
民生哲學 / 民生哲学
泡麵哲學 / 泡面哲学
濬哲
睿哲
科學哲學 / 科学哲学
經院哲學 / 经院哲学
老莊哲學 / 老庄哲学
聖哲 / 圣哲
西哲 (xīzhé)
賢哲 / 贤哲 (xiánzhé)
赫哲族 (Hèzhézú)
道德哲學 / 道德哲学
陽明哲學 / 阳明哲学

References

“哲”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “哲”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 214.

Japanese

Kanji

哲

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: てち (techi)
Kan-on: てつ (tetsu, Jōyō)
Kun: あきらか (akiraka, 哲らか)、さとい (satoi, 哲い)

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
哲
さとし Grade: S
nanori

Kanji in this term
哲
てつ Grade: S
kan'on

Kanji in this term
哲
あきら Grade: S
nanori

Kanji in this term
哲
さとる Grade: S
nanori

(Tokyo) さとし [sáꜜtòshì] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [sa̠to̞ɕi]

(Tokyo) てつ [téꜜtsù] (Atamadaka – [1])
IPA^(key): [te̞t͡sɨ]

(Tokyo) あきら [àkírá] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [a̠kʲiɾa̠]

(Tokyo) さとる [sàtórú] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [sa̠to̞ɾɯ̟]

Proper noun

哲(さとし) or 哲(てつ) or 哲(あきら) or 哲(さとる) • (Satoshi or Tetsu or Akira or Satoru)

a male given name

Korean

Hanja

哲 (eumhun 밝을 철 (balgeul cheol))

wise, sagacious
wise man, sage

Vietnamese

Han character

哲: Hán Nôm readings: triết, chít, Chứt, trết, trít

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