夜叉
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (夜叉) |
夜 | 叉 | |
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit यक्ष (yakṣa).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yèchā → yècha (toneless final syllable variant)
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ ㄔㄚ → ㄧㄝˋ ˙ㄔㄚ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: yèchå
- Wade–Giles: yeh4-chʻa5
- Yale: yè-cha
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeh.cha
- Palladius: еча (ječa)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/ → /jɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: je6 caa1
- Yale: yeh chā
- Cantonese Pinyin: je6 tsaa1
- Guangdong Romanization: yé6 ca1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛː²² t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iā-chhe
- Tâi-lô: iā-tshe
- Phofsit Daibuun: iaxzhef
- IPA (Taipei): /ia³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ia³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Middle Chinese: yaeH tsrhae
Noun
夜叉
- (Buddhism) yaksha (a malevolent spirit)
- (by extension) a ferocious and hideous looking person
- (figurative, humorous, dated) wife
Synonyms
- 藥叉/药叉
Derived terms
- 夜叉國 / 夜叉国
- 夜叉婆
- 夜叉星
- 母夜叉 (mǔyèchā)
- 笑面夜叉
- 魔王夜叉
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 夜 | 叉 |
| や Grade: 2 |
しゃ Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi | |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 夜叉 (yæH cha?), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit यक्ष (yakṣa).[1][2]
Pronunciation
Noun
- yaksha, a broad class of nature spirits or minor deities who appear in Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain mythology. May be male or female, benevolent or malevolent.
- (Buddhism) in Buddhism, yakshas are held to be followers of 毘沙門天 (Bishamonten, “Vaiśravaṇa, the chief of the Four Heavenly Kings”), and guardians of the north
- (figurative) a demon
Idioms
- 夜叉が馬を見たよう (yasha ga uma o mita yō): "like when the yaksha saw the horse" → an expression of extreme happiness, from a story of a yaksha who lost his horse
Synonyms
- 薬叉 (yakusha)
Derived terms
- 夜叉五倍子 (yashabushi): Alnus firma, a type of alder tree
- 夜叉竹 (yashadake): Semiarundinaria yashadake, a type of bamboo
- 夜叉柄杓 (yashabishaku): Ribes ambiguum, a type of flowering plant related to currants and gooseberry
- 夜叉薇 (yashazenmai): Osmunda lancea, the Japanese lancea flowering fern
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 夜 | 叉 |
Noun
夜叉 • (yacha) (hangeul 야차)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 夜 | 叉 |
Noun
夜叉