姊
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Translingual
Han character
姊 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女中難竹 (VLXH), four-corner 40427, composition ⿰女𠂔)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 258, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6164
- Dae Jaweon: page 523, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1032, character 9
- Unihan data for U+59CA
Chinese
| trad. | 姊 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 姊 | |
| alternative forms | 姉/姊 𡛷 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (秭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsiʔ): semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 𠂔 (Middle Chinese: t͡ʃɨX).
Etymology
From Austroasiatic; compare Old Mon kuṁci (“sister”) (Schuessler, 2007); connection with Proto-Tibeto-Burman *dzar (“sister (of man)”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dzər ~ tsər (Benedict, 1974) is "phonetically less direct" (ibid.).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): zi3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chí
- Jin (Wiktionary): zi2
- Northern Min (KCR): ci̿
- Eastern Min (BUC): cī
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tsy
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zr3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, literary, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄗˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zǐh
- Wade–Giles: tzŭ3
- Yale: dž
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyy
- Palladius: цзы (czy)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, vernacular, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jiě
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jiě
- Wade–Giles: chieh3
- Yale: jyě
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiee
- Palladius: цзе (cze)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, literary, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
Note: jiě - more commonly used in Taiwan, also written as 姐.
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zi3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Chengdu)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zi2 / ze2
- Yale: jí / jé
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzi2 / dze2
- Guangdong Romanization: ji2 / zé2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡siː³⁵/, /t͡sɛː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: ze2 - usually written as 姐.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: dei2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tei⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chí
- Hakka Romanization System: jiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ji3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡si³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ci̿
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡si³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
- Tâi-lô: tsí
- Phofsit Daibuun: cie
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡si⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chié
- Tâi-lô: tsié
- IPA (Lukang): /t͡sie⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú
- Tâi-lô: tsú
- Phofsit Daibuun: zuo
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chír
- Tâi-lô: tsír
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- chí, ché/chié - vernacular, also written as 姐 (especially for ché);
- chú/chír - literary.
- Middle Chinese: tsiX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts][i]jʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsiʔ/
Definitions
姊
- elder sister
- 姊妹 ― zǐmèi ― sisters
- (Hokkien, familiar) respectful honorific used after a name for an elder sister or any female senior: Miss; Sister
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 姐姐 (“elder sister”) [map]
Compounds
References
- “姊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
姊
- alternative form of 姉 (“older sister”)
Readings
Noun
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 姊 |
| Hyōgai |
| on'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 姊 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 姊, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Hanja
姊 (eumhun 손윗누이 자 (sonwinnu'i ja))
- Older sister
Compounds
Vietnamese
Han character
姊: Hán Nôm readings: tỉ, tỷ, chị
honorific for a woman older than speaker ("older sister" but not necessarily blood-related)