柿

柿 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木卜中月 (DYLB), four-corner 4592₇, composition ⿰木市)

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 521, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14681
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1188, character 2
• Unihan data for U+67FF

Originally written as 柹: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zrɯʔ): semantic 木 + phonetic 𠂔 (zǐ).

The current form is phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zrɯʔ): semantic 木 + phonetic 市 (OC *djɯʔ).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

柿

1. persimmon (Classifier: 個／个 c)

• → Proto-Mien: *djəiᴮ

(Jōyō kanji)

1. persimmon

• Go-on: じ (ji)
• Kan-on: し (shi)
• Kun: かき (kaki, 柿, Jōyō)

• Not to be confused with 杮 (kokera, “wood chips”). Note that this kanji 柿 (kaki) uses the character 市 (shì) as the right-hand portion, which consists of five strokes with two separate strokes for the central vertical. Meanwhile, 杮 (kokera) uses the character 巿 (fú) as the right-hand portion, which consists of four strokes with a single stroke for the central vertical.

From Old Japanese. First cited to a text from 770 CE.^[1]

Further derivation uncertain. Possibilities include:

/kakayaki/ → */kakyaki/ → */kakaki/ → */kakki/ → /kaki/

• From 輝き (kakayaki), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of Early Modern Japanese verb 輝く (kakayaku, “to shine dazzingly”, obsolete), modern kagayaku.^[2][3]

/kataki/ → /kaki/

• From 硬き (kataki), the classical 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of modern 硬い (katai, “hard (not soft)”), from the hardness of the unripened fruit.^[2]

/akaki/ → /kaki/

• From 赤き (akaki), the classical 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of modern 赤い (akai, “red”), from the color of the ripened fruit.^[2][3]
• From 赤黄 (akaki, “red-yellow”), from the color of the ripened fruit.^[2]
• From 赤木 (akaki, “red tree”), from the color of the foliage in autumn.^[2][3]

While at least one reference considers the akaki derivation more likely,^[2] this kind of phonological shift, wherein the first vowel disappears, is not a common pattern in attested Japanese. That said, the kakayaki and kataki derivations are also problematic, considering the lack of any evidence for intermediary forms.

• (Tokyo) かき [kàkí] (Heiban – [0])^[4][5][6]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠kʲi]

柿(かき) or 柿(カキ) • (kaki) 

1. [from 770] a persimmon, especially the Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki)
2. [from 1170] short for 柿色 (kakiiro) a yellowish-red color, like the fruit of the Japanese persimmon
3. [from 1819] a 布子 (nunoko, “cotton-paded clothing”) dyed in kakiiro

   Synonym: 柿衣 (kakiso)

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カキ (kaki).

• → Arabic: كَاكِي (kākī)
• → Brazilian Portuguese: caqui, cáqui, caquí (1931 spelling)
  • Hunsrik: Kacki
• → Catalan: caqui
• → English: kaki
• → German: Kaki
• → Indonesian: kaki
• → Italian: cachi

• 柿(かき)の木(き) (kaki no ki, “Japanese persimmon tree”)

柿(かき) • (Kaki) 

1. a surname

柿 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si, Yale si)

1. a persimmon

柿: Hán Nôm readings: thị

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.