将軍

See also: 將軍 and 将军

Japanese

Kanji in this term
将	軍
しょう Grade: 6	ぐん Grade: 4
kan'on	kan'yōon

Alternative spelling
將軍 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

/sʲaːᵑ kun/ → /ɕauɡun/ → /ɕɔːɡun/ → /ɕoːɡun/

From Middle Chinese compound 將軍 (MC tsjang kjun). Compare modern Hokkien 將軍 / 将军 (chiong-kun / chiang-kun), Eastern Min 將軍 / 将军 (ciŏng-gŭng).

The “shogun” sense is originally short for 征夷大将軍 (seii taishōgun, literally “commander in chief of the expeditionary force to expel barbarians”).^[1]^[2]^[3]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しょーぐん [shòógúń] (Heiban – [0])^[3]
IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ːɡɯ̟̃ɴ]
Audio: (file)

Noun

将(しょう)軍(ぐん) • (shōgun) ^{←しやうぐん (syaugun)^?}

(military) a commander of troops, especially of an expeditionary or frontline force
(military) synonym of 将官 (shōkan): a general officer
(military, historical) a shogun, supreme generalissimo of feudal Japan

Usage notes

In the modern military system, shōgun refers to any military officers who have the ranks ending in 将 (-shō), for example: 大将 (taishō), 中将 (chūjō), 少将 (shōshō), and 准将 (junshō).

Derived terms

将(しょう)軍(ぐん)帯(おび) (shōgun obi)
将(しょう)軍(ぐん)後(こう)見(けん)職(しょく) (shōgun kōkenshoku)
将(しょう)軍(ぐん)職(しょく) (shōgunshoku)
将(しょう)軍(ぐん)宣(せん)下(げ) (shōgun senge)
将(しょう)軍(ぐん)塚(づか) (Shōgunzuka)
旭(あさひ)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (Asahi Shōgun)
尼(あま)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (amashōgun)
右(う)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (ushōgun)
凱(がい)旋(せん)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (gaisen shōgun)
竈(かまど)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (kamado shōgun)
関(かん)東(とう)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (Kantō shōgun)
金(きん)吾(ご)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (kingo shōgun)
下(げ)馬(ば)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (Geba Shōgun)
皇(こう)族(ぞく)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (kōzoku shōgun)
米(こめ)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (Komeshōgun)
左(さ)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (sashōgun)
持(じ)節(せつ)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (jisetsu shōgun)
四(し)道(どう)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (shidō shōgun)
上(じょう)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (jōshōgun)
親(しん)王(のう)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (shinnō shōgun)
征(せい)夷(い)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (seī shōgun)
征(せい)西(せい)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (seisei shōgun)
征(せい)東(とう)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (seitō shōgun)
摂(せっ)家(け)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (sekke shōgun)
大(たい)樹(じゅ)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (taiju shōgun)
大(たい)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (taishōgun)
鎮(ちん)守(じゅ)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (chinju shōgun)
鎮(ちん)守(じゅ)府(ふ)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (chinjufu shōgun)
鎮(ちん)西(ぜい)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (chinzei shōgun)
鎮(ちん)東(とう)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (chintō shōgun)
飛(ひ)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (hishōgun)
副(ふく)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (fukushōgun)
宮(みや)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (miyashōgun)
闇(やみ)将(しょう)軍(ぐん) (yamishōgun)

Descendants

→ Danish: shogun c
→ English: shogun
→ French: shogun m
→ Indonesian: syogun
→ Italian: shogun m
→ Polish: siogun m
→ Portuguese: xogum

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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