尹

尹	U+5C39, 尹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C39

← 尸
[U+5C38]

CJK Unified Ideographs

尺 →
[U+5C3A]

Translingual

Han character

尹 (Kangxi radical 4, 丿+3, 4 strokes, cangjie input 尸大 (SK) or 難尸大 (XSK), four-corner 1750₇, composition ⿻コ𠂇)

Derived characters

伊吚䪳㖐笋芛
𡰧𡛂𣲫𡱉𤣹𧉅𨊼𨥠𩉥𩨫𨳬𪱛𢁨𢂜
𫥃𭐵𫵗𭥞𭨭𭮅𭴏𭾥𬥒𬳪

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 299, character 27
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7631
Dae Jaweon: page 595, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 964, character 1
Unihan data for U+5C39

Chinese

simp. and trad.		尹
alternative forms		𢁨𪱛𢂟𢂫𢂬𢁨𪱛𢂟𢂫𢂬𢂭𢃁𢃂𢃵𢃹

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 尹
Shang		Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Oracle bone script j05759 j05760 j05761 j05762 j05763 j05764 j05765 j05766 j05767 j05768 j05769 j05770 j05771 j05772 j05773 j05774 j05775 j05776 j05777 j05778 j05779 j05780 j05781 j05782 j05783 j05784 j05785 j05786 j05787 j05788 j05789 j05790 j05791 j05792 j05793 j05794 j05795 j05796 j05797 j05798 j05799 j05800 j05801 j05802 j05803 j05804 j05805 j05806 j05807 j05808 j05809 j05810 j05811 Bronze inscriptions b03931 b03932 b03933 b03934 b03935 b03936 b03937 b03938 b03939 b03940 b03941 b03942 b03943 b03944 b03945 b03946 b03947 b03948 b03949 b03950 b03951 b03952 b03953 b03954 b03955 b03956 b03957 b03958 b03959 b03960 b03961 b03962 b03963 b03964 b03965 b03966 b03967 b03968 b03969 b03970 b03971 b03972 b03973 Small seal script s02172 Transcribed ancient scripts L34631 L34632 L34633 L34634 L34635 L34636 L34637 L34638 L34639 L34640 L34641 L34642 L15606 L15607 L15608 L15609 L15610 L15611 L15612 L15613 L15614 L15615 L15616 L15617 L15618 L15619 L15620 L15621 L15622 L15623 L15624 L15625 L15626
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
芛	ɢʷelʔ, ɢʷid
伊	*qlil
咿	*qlil
蛜	*qlil
笋	*sɢʷinʔ
尹	*ɢʷlinʔ

A hand holding a rod, similar to 事 and 支.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǐn (yin³)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˇ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wan⁵

(Taishan, Wiktionary): vun⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yún

(Meixian, Guangdong): yun¹
Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̄ng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): yng³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ún / ín

(Teochew, Peng'im): ng² / eng² / êng² / ing²
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹in / ⁶yin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǐn
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǐn
  - Wade–Giles: yin³
  - Yale: yǐn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiin
  - Palladius: инь (inʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wan⁵
  - Yale: wáhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: vun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /vun²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yún
  - Hakka Romanization System: iun^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun³
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯un³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yún
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iun^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yun³
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯un³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yun¹
  - Sinological IPA: /iun⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̄ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yŋ³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: yng³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ṳ̂ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: yng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yŋ³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ún
  - Tâi-lô: ún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uon
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /un⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /un⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /un⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ín
  - Tâi-lô: ín
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ien
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /in⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ng² / eng² / êng² / ing²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ńg / ṳ́ng / éng / íng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ⁵²/, /ɯŋ⁵²/, /eŋ⁵²/, /iŋ⁵²/

Note:

ng2 - Chaozhou;
eng2 - Shantou, Raoping;
êng2 - Jieyang;
ing2 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹in
  - MiniDict: in^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹in
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /in⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /in³³⁴/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶yin
  - MiniDict: yin^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦin²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦin²³¹/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 尹
Mandarin	Beijing	/in²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/in²¹³/
	Tianjin	/in¹³/
	Jinan	/iẽ⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/iə̃⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/in⁵³/
	Xi'an	/iẽ⁵³/
	Xining	/iə̃⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/iŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ĩn⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/iŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/yn⁴²/
	Chengdu	/yn⁵³/
	Guiyang	/in⁴²/
	Kunming	/ĩ⁵³/
	Nanjing	/in²¹²/
	Hefei	/in²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/iəŋ⁵³/
	Pingyao	/iŋ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/ĩŋ⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/iŋ⁵³/ /ɦiŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦin³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ʔin³³/
	Wenzhou	/j̠oŋ³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/iʌ̃³⁵/
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/yn⁴¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/yn⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/in²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/iun⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ʒuŋ³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wɐn²³/
	Nanning	/wɐn³⁵/
	Hong Kong	/wɐn¹³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/in⁵³/ /un⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/yŋ³²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/œyŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/ɯŋ⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/zin³¹/

Middle Chinese: ywinX

Rime
Character	尹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	余準切
Baxter	ywinX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiuɪn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/jʷin^X/
Shao Rongfen	/juen^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jwin^X/
Li Rong	/iuĕn^X/
Wang Li	/jĭuĕn^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯uĕn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǔn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-qurʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷlinʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	尹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǐn
Middle Chinese	‹ ywin^X ›
Old Chinese	/*m-qurʔ/
English	govern; governor
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	尹
Reading #	1/1
No.	15300
Phonetic component
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷlinʔ/

Definitions

尹

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to govern; oversee
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) director
a surname
尹志平 ― Yǐn Zhìpíng ― Yin Zhiping (famous Jin and Yuan Dynasty Taoist philosopher)

Compounds

尹吉甫
尹文子
尹邢避面
尹集 (Yǐnjí)
尹霍夫池
京尹 (jīngyǐn)
京兆尹 (Jīngzhào Yǐn)
令尹 (lìngyǐn)
奄尹
師尹 / 师尹
府尹 (fǔyǐn)
版尹
箴尹
縣尹 / 县尹
詹尹
關尹 / 关尹

References

“尹”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
“尹”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “尹”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 285.

Japanese

Kanji

尹

(Hyōgai kanji)

director (of the ritsuryō-period Imperial Prosecuting and Investigating Office)

Readings

On (unclassified): いん (in)^{←ゐん (win, historical)}
Kun: おさ (osa, 尹)、ただす (tadasu, 尹す)
Nanori: い (i)、おさむ (osamu)、ただ (tada)、ただし (tadashi)、のぶ (nobu)、まこと (makoto)、まさ (masa)

Korean

Hanja

尹 (eumhun 성 윤 (seong yun))

a surname

Vietnamese

Han character

尹: Hán Nôm readings: doãn, duẫn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation