廈門

See also: 下門 and 厦门

Chinese

	tall building	opening; door; gate opening; door; gate; doorway; gateway; valve; switch; way to do something; knack; family; house; (religious) sect; school (of thought); class; category; (taxonomy) phylum or division
trad. (廈門/厦門)	廈/厦	門
simp. (厦门)	厦	门
alternative forms	下門／下门 archaic

Etymology

A homophone of the original name 下門／下门 (Xiàmén) that came into official use for its more elegant sense.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Xiàmén

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄇㄣˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): haa⁶ mun⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ha⁵ mon³
Gan (Wiktionary): 'ha⁵ miin⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Ha-mùn

(Hailu, HRS): ha^˖ mun

(Meixian, Guangdong): ha⁴ mun²
Northern Min (KCR): Hā-mo̤̿ng
Eastern Min (BUC): Â-muòng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): or⁵ muei² / or⁵ mui²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Ē-mn̂g / Ēe-mûi / Ěe-mûi

(Teochew, Peng'im): ê⁶ mung⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gho-men

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Xiàmén
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄇㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Siàmén
  - Wade–Giles: Hsia⁴-mên²
  - Yale: Syà-mén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shiahmen
  - Palladius: Сямэнь (Sjamɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ä⁵¹ mən³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    下門 / 下门
    廈門 / 厦门
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: haa⁶ mun⁴
  - Yale: hah mùhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haa⁶ mun⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ha⁶ mun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haː²² muːn²¹/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    下門 / 下门
    廈門 / 厦门
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ha⁵ mon³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ha³² ᵐbᵘɔn²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: 'ha⁵ miin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˈha¹¹ mɨn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Ha-mùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: ha mun^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ha⁴ mun²
  - Sinological IPA: /ha⁵⁵ mun¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ha^˖ mun
  - Sinological IPA: /ha³³ mun⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ha⁴ mun²
  - Sinological IPA: /ha⁵³⁻⁵⁵ mun¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Hā-mo̤̿ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xa⁵⁵ mɔŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Â-muòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /a²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: or⁵ muei²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ō̤-mói
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɒ¹¹ muei¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: or⁵ mui²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɒ²¹ mui²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Changtai, Philippines, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ē-mn̂g
  - Tâi-lô: Ē-mn̂g
  - Phofsit Daibuun: exmngg
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /e⁴¹⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Changtai, Singapore): /e²²⁻²¹ mŋ̍²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /e³³⁻²¹ mŋ̍²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /e³³⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ēe-mûi
  - Tâi-lô: Ēe-muî
  - IPA (Penang): /ɛ²¹ mui²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɛ²²⁻²¹ muĩ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ěe-mûi
  - Tâi-lô: Ěe-muî
  - IPA (Longyan): /ɛ⁵³⁻¹¹ muĩ¹¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ê⁶ mung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ĕ mûng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /e³⁵⁻¹¹ muŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gho-men
  - MiniDict: gho^去 men
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hho-men
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦo²² mən⁴⁴/

Proper noun

廈門

(historical) Xiamen (a fortification which formerly protected Xiamen Bay, Fujian, China)
(～市) Xiamen (a subprovincial city of Fujian, China)
(～島) Xiamen Island, Amoy Island (an island of Xiamen Bay, Fujian, China)

Synonyms

(island): 嘉禾 (jiāhé) (historical), 鷺島／鹭岛 (Lùdǎo)
(city): 下門／下门 (Xiàmén) (historical); 思明 (Sīmíng) (historical)
(its hinterland): 同安 (Tóng'ān) (historical); 思明 (Sīmíng) (historical)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (廈門):

→ Korean: 하문(廈門) (Hamun)
→ Vietnamese: Hạ Môn (廈門)

Others:

→ Arabic: شْيَامِن (šyāmin)
→ Dutch: Xiamen, Emoi
→ English: Amoy, Hsia-men, Hsiamen, Xiamen
→ French: Amoy, Xiamen
→ Georgian: სიამენი (siameni)
→ Japanese: 廈(シア)門(メン) (Shiamen)
→ Korean: 샤먼 (Syameon)
→ Portuguese: Amoy, Xiamen
- → Japanese: 廈(ア)門(モイ) (Amoi)
→ Spanish: Emuy

References

莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “厦门”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 659.

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
廈	門
シアメン
Hyōgai	Grade: 2
irregular

Alternative spelling
厦門

Borrowed from Mandarin 廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɕia̠mẽ̞ɴ]

Proper noun

廈門(シアメン) • (Shiamen)

Xiamen, Amoy (a subprovincial city of Fujian, in southeastern China)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
廈	門
アモイ
Hyōgai	Grade: 2
irregular

Alternative spelling
厦門

Borrowed from Portuguese Amoy, in turn from Hokkien 廈門／厦门 (Ēe-mûi).^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) アモイ [áꜜmòì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
IPA^(key): [a̠mo̞i]

Proper noun

廈門(アモイ) • (Amoi)

Amoy, Xiamen (a subprovincial city of Fujian, in southeastern China)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ “廈門”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
廈	門

Proper noun

廈門

chữ Hán form of Hạ Môn (“Xiamen (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city of Fujian, in southeastern China)”)

[1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NKD2-2] “廈門”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

[1]

[2]