忌諱

See also: 忌讳

Chinese

		avoid as taboo; jealous	avoid mentioning; to taboo
trad. (忌諱)		忌	諱
simp. (忌讳)		忌	讳

Etymology

“(euphemistic) vinegar”: It substitutes 醋 (cù, “vinegar”), which also means “jealousy” (Xu, 1990).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jìhuì

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gei⁶ wai⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kī-hùi / khī-hùi

(Teochew, Peng'im): gi⁶ hui³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jìhuì → jìhui (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ → ㄐㄧˋ ˙ㄏㄨㄟ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jìhue̊i
  - Wade–Giles: chi⁴-hui⁵
  - Yale: jì-hwei
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih.huey
  - Palladius: цзихуэй (czixuej)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/ → /t͡ɕi⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    季會 / 季会
    忌諱 / 忌讳
    濟惠 / 济惠
    計會 / 计会
    際會 / 际会
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gei⁶ wai⁵
  - Yale: geih wáih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gei⁶ wai⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: géi⁶ wei⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kei̯²² wɐi̯¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kī-hùi
  - Tâi-lô: kī-huì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kixhuix
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ki²²⁻²¹ hui²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ki⁴¹⁻²² hui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki³³⁻²¹ hui²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ki³³⁻¹¹ hui¹¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khī-hùi
  - Tâi-lô: khī-huì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qixhuix
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰi³³⁻¹¹ hui¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰi³³⁻²¹ hui²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gi⁶ hui³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kĭ hùi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki³⁵⁻¹¹ hui²¹³/

Middle Chinese: giH xjw+jH

Rime
Character	忌	諱
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	微 (21)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	渠記切	許貴切
Baxter	giH	xjw+jH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨ^H/	/hʉi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡɨ^H/	/hʷɨi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡie^H/	/xiuəi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gɨ^H/	/huj^H/
Li Rong	/ɡiə^H/	/xiuəi^H/
Wang Li	/ɡĭə^H/	/xĭwəi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi^H/	/xwe̯i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jì	huì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gei⁶	fai³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯs qʰʷɯls/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	忌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ gi^H ›
Old Chinese	/*m-k(r)ək-s/
English	warn; avoid
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	忌	諱
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	5774	12812
Phonetic component	己	韋
Rime group	之	微
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	忌	諱
Old Chinese	/*ɡɯs/	/*qʰʷɯls/

Verb

忌諱

to avoid like a plague; to consider as taboo
政府挺忌諱這個的。 [MSC, trad.]
政府挺忌讳这个的。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhèngfǔ tǐng jìhuì zhège de. [Pinyin]
The government considers this a taboo topic.

Synonyms

避諱／避讳 (bìhuì)
(Hokkien) 忌克

Noun

忌諱

taboo
(regional, euphemistic) vinegar

Synonyms

(taboo): 避忌 (bìjì), 禁忌 (jìnjì)
(vinegar):

Dialectal synonyms of 醋 (“vinegar”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		醯, 酪, 酨, 醋
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		醋
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	醋, 忌諱
	Taiwan	醋
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	忌諱
	Harbin	醋, 忌諱
	Shenyang	醋, 忌諱
	Singapore	醋
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	醋, 忌諱
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	醋, 忌諱
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Qingdao	忌諱
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	醋
	Wanrong	醋
	Zhengzhou	忌諱
	Xi'an	醋
	Xining	醋
	Xuzhou	醋, 忌諱
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	醋
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	醋
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	醋
Lanyin Mandarin	Lanzhou	醋
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	醋
	Wuhan	醋
	Guiyang	醋
	Kunming	醋
	Guilin	醋
	Liuzhou	醋, 酸醋
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	醋
	Yangzhou	醋
	Nantong	醋
	Hefei	醋
Cantonese	Guangzhou	醋
	Hong Kong	醋
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	醋
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	醋
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	醋
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	醋
	Macau	醋
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	醋
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	醋
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	醋
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	醋
	Foshan	醋
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	醋
	Foshan (Shunde)	醋
	Foshan (Sanshui)	醋
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	醋
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	醋
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	醋
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	醋
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	醋
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	醋
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	醋
	Taishan	酸, 醋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	酸
	Enping (Niujiang)	酸, 醋
	Heshan (Yayao)	醋
	Dongguan	醋
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	醋
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	醋
	Qingyuan	醋
	Fogang	醋
	Yingde (Hanguang)	醋
	Yangshan	醋
	Lianshan (Butian)	醋
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	醋
	Shaoguan	醋
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	醋
	Renhua	醋
	Lechang	醋
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	醋
	Sihui	醋
	Guangning	醋
	Deqing	醋
	Huaiji	醋
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	醋
	Yunfu	醋
	Xinxing	醋
	Luoding	醋
	Yunan (Pingtai)	醋
	Yangjiang	醋
	Xinyi	酸醋
	Maoming (Xinpo)	酸醋
	Lianjiang	醋
	Nanning	醋, 七醋, 酸醋
	Wuzhou	醋
	Yulin	醋
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	醋
	Beihai	醋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	酸醋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	醋
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	酸醋
	Danzhou	醋
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	醋
	Singapore (Guangfu)	醋
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	醋
Móng Cái	酸醋
Yangon (Taishan)	醋
Gan	Nanchang	醋, 小酒
	Lichuan	醋, 小酒
	Pingxiang	醋, 小酒
Hakka	Meixian	醋, 酸醋, 甜酒
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	醋
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	醋
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	醋
	Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng)	醋
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	醋
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	醋
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	醋
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	醋
	Wuhua (Changbu)	醋
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	醋, 酸醋
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	醋
	Liannan	醋
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	酸醋
	Jiexi	醋
	Changting	醋
	Ninghua	小酒, 醋
	Yudu	醋, 小酒, 酸酒
	Shicheng	醋
	Shangyou (Shexi)	小酒
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	酸醋, 醋
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	酸醋, 醋
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	酸醋
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	酸醋, 醋
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	酸醋, 醋
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	酸醋, 醋
	Hong Kong	醋
	Luchuan	醋
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	醋
	Sabah (Longchuan)	酸醋
	Senai (Huiyang)	醋
	Singkawang	甜酒
Huizhou	Jixi	醋
	Shexian	醋
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	醋
	Xiuning	醋
	Yixian	醋
	Qimen	醋
	Wuyuan	醋
Jin	Taiyuan	醋
	Pingyao	醋
	Xinzhou	醋
	Hohhot	醋
Northern Min	Jian'ou	醋, 小酒
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	醋
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	醋
	Pucheng (Shibei)	醋
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	醋
Eastern Min	Fuqing	醋, 酸
Southern Min	Xiamen	醋
	Quanzhou	醋
	Kaohsiung	醋
	Penang (Hokkien)	醋
	Singapore (Hokkien)	醋
	Manila (Hokkien)	醋
	Zhangping	酸醋
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	醋, 酸醋
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	醋
	Chaozhou	醋
	Shantou	醋
	Haifeng	醋
	Bangkok (Teochew)	醋
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	醋
	Singapore (Teochew)	醋
	Wenchang	醋
	Haikou	醋
	Singapore (Hainanese)	醋
Puxian Min	Putian	醋
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	醋
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	醋
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	醋
	Xianyou	醋
	Xianyou (Fengting)	醋
	Xianyou (Youyang)	醋
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	醋
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	醋
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	醋, 酸醋
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	醋
Wu	Shanghai	醋, 米醋
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	醋
	Shanghai (Jiading)	醋, 米醋
	Shanghai (Chongming)	酸醋
	Suzhou	醋, 酸醋
	Wuxi	醋, 酸醋
	Danyang	醋, 酸醋
	Hangzhou	醋, 米醋
	Ningbo	米醋
	Wenzhou	醋
	Jinhua	醋, 米醋
Xiang	Changsha	醋, 小酒
	Loudi	小酒
	Shuangfeng	醋, 小酒
	Hengyang	醋
	Quanzhou	醋

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (忌諱):

→ Japanese: 忌諱(きき) (kiki)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
忌	諱
き Grade: S	き Hyōgai
on'yomi

Noun

忌(き)諱(き) • (kiki)

displeasure; offense; offence; disliking