恅

恅	U+6045, 恅 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6045

← 恄
[U+6044]

CJK Unified Ideographs

恆 →
[U+6046]

Translingual

Han character

恅 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心十大心 (PJKP), four-corner 9401₁, composition ⿰忄老)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 383, character 24
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10526
Dae Jaweon: page 714, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2294, character 2
Unihan data for U+6045

Chinese

trad.		恅
simp. ^#		恅

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (老) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
老	*ruːʔ
姥	ruːʔ, maːʔ
栳	*ruːʔ
恅	*ruːʔ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lǎo (lao³)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lou⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): láu
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶lau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lǎo
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lǎo
  - Wade–Giles: lao³
  - Yale: lǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lao
  - Palladius: лао (lao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: lou⁵
  - Yale: lóuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lou⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: lou⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lou̯¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: láu
  - Hakka Romanization System: lau^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lau³
  - Sinological IPA: /lau̯³¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶lau
  - MiniDict: lau^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³lau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lɔ²³/

Middle Chinese: lawX

Rime
Character	恅
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	盧晧切
Baxter	lawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/law^X/
Li Rong	/lɑu^X/
Wang Li	/lɑu^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lɑu^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lou⁵

Definitions

恅

only used in 愺恅 (cǎolǎo)

Vietnamese

Han character

恅: Hán Việt readings: lão^[1]
恅: Nôm readings: làu^[2]

chữ Hán form of lão (“part of "thảo lão" (愺恅)”)
chữ Nôm form of làu (“grumble”)

References

^ Trần (1999).
^ Trần (2004).