恟

恟	U+605F, 恟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-605F

← 恞
[U+605E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

恠 →
[U+6060]

Translingual

Han character

恟 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心心山大 (PPUK), four-corner 9702₀, composition ⿰忄匈)

scared, nervous

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 384, character 30
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10573
Dae Jaweon: page 715, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2298, character 1
Unihan data for U+605F

Chinese

simp. and trad.		恟
alternative forms		忷

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (凶) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
酗	*qʰos
凶	*qʰoŋ
匈	*qʰoŋ
兇	qʰoŋ, qʰoŋʔ
訩	*qʰoŋ
胸	*qʰoŋ
胷	*qʰoŋ
洶	qʰoŋ, qʰoŋʔ
恟	*qʰoŋ
詾	qʰoŋ, qʰoŋʔ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiōng (xiong¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung¹
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hoeng¹ / hyoeng¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syong
  - Wade–Giles: hsiung¹
  - Yale: syūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiong
  - Palladius: сюн (sjun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hung¹
  - Yale: hūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: he̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hœŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hyoeng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: xjowng

Rime
Character	恟
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許容切
Baxter	xjowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/hioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/xioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huawŋ/
Li Rong	/xioŋ/
Wang Li	/xĭwoŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qʰoŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恟
Reading #	1/1
No.	13896
Phonetic component	凶
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	胷
Old Chinese	/*qʰoŋ/

Definitions

恟

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Compounds

恟恟
恟懼 / 恟惧

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “恟”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 266.

Japanese

Kanji

恟

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: く (ku)
Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
Kun: おそれる (osoreru, 恟れる)

Korean

Hanja

恟 (eum 흉 (hyung))

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Vietnamese

Han character

恟: Hán Nôm readings: hung

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