洶

See also: 汹

洶	U+6D36, 洶 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D36

← 洵
[U+6D35]

CJK Unified Ideographs

洷 →
[U+6D37]

Translingual

Han character

洶 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水心山大 (EPUK), four-corner 3712₀, composition ⿰氵匈)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 622, character 13
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17417
Dae Jaweon: page 1018, character 11
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1614, character 1
Unihan data for U+6D36

Chinese

trad.		洶
simp.		汹
alternative forms		汹𣶑

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 洶
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (凶) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
酗	*qʰos
凶	*qʰoŋ
匈	*qʰoŋ
兇	qʰoŋ, qʰoŋʔ
訩	*qʰoŋ
胸	*qʰoŋ
胷	*qʰoŋ
洶	qʰoŋ, qʰoŋʔ
恟	*qʰoŋ
詾	qʰoŋ, qʰoŋʔ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiōng (xiong¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung¹
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hoeng¹ / hyoeng¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiong

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syong
  - Wade–Giles: hsiung¹
  - Yale: syūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiong
  - Palladius: сюн (sjun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hung¹
  - Yale: hūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: he̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hœŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hyoeng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiong
  - Tâi-lô: hiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: xjowng, xjowngX

Rime
Character	洶	洶
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	許容切	許拱切
Baxter	xjowng	xjowngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨoŋ/	/hɨoŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/hioŋ/	/hioŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/xioŋ/	/xioŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huawŋ/	/huawŋ^X/
Li Rong	/xioŋ/	/xioŋ^X/
Wang Li	/xĭwoŋ/	/xĭwoŋ^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xi̯woŋ/	/xi̯woŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiōng	xiǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung¹	hung²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qʰoŋ/, /*qʰoŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洶	洶
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13895	13900
Phonetic component	凶	凶
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	胷
Old Chinese	/*qʰoŋ/	/*qʰoŋʔ/

Definitions

洶

(of waves) turbulent; tempestuous
roaring; uproarious

Compounds

人情洶洶 / 人情汹汹
來勢洶洶 / 来势汹汹 (láishìxiōngxiōng)
其勢洶洶 / 其势汹汹 (qíshìxiōngxiōng)
天下洶洶 / 天下汹汹
暗潮洶湧 / 暗潮汹涌
氣勢洶洶 / 气势汹汹
波濤洶湧 / 波涛汹涌 (bōtāoxiōngyǒng)
洶動 / 汹动
洶洶 / 汹汹
洶洶拳拳 / 汹汹拳拳
洶涌 (xiōngyǒng)
洶涌澎湃
洶湧 / 汹涌 (xiōngyǒng)
洶湧澎湃 / 汹涌澎湃

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “汹”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 266.

Japanese

Kanji

洶

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: く (ku)
Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
Kun: わく (waku, 洶く)

Korean

Hanja

洶 (eum 흉 (hyung))

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Vietnamese

Han character

洶: Hán Nôm readings: húng

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References

Nom Foundation