憯懍
Chinese
| already; sorrowful | fear | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (憯懍) | 憯 | 懍 | |
| simp. (憯懔) | 憯 | 懔 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: cǎnlǐn [Phonetic: cánlǐn]
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˇ ㄌㄧㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cǎnlǐn
- Wade–Giles: tsʻan3-lin3
- Yale: tsǎn-lǐn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaanliin
- Palladius: цаньлинь (canʹlinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lin²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Adjective
憯懍
- sad and afraid
- 是故懷戚者聞之，莫不憯懍慘悽，愀愴傷心。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 《琴賦》(A Composition on the Qin) by Ji Kang (223–262); 1941 translation by Robert van Gulik
- Shìgù huái qī zhě wén zhī, mòbù cǎnlǐn cǎnqī, qiǎochuàng shāngxīn. [Pinyin]
- If the downcast hear this music, they will all be sorrowful and pained, grief will wound their hearts, and they cannot refrain from mournful wails.
是故怀戚者闻之，莫不憯懔惨凄，愀怆伤心。 [MSC, simp.]
Synonyms
- 京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
- 傷心 / 伤心 (shāngxīn)
- 傷悲 / 伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
- 傷感 / 伤感 (shānggǎn)
- 傷懷 / 伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
- 傷痛 / 伤痛 (shāngtòng)
- 傷神 / 伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
- 刺心 (cìxīn)
- 哀傷 / 哀伤 (āishāng)
- 哀切 (āiqiè)
- 哀怨 (āiyuàn)
- 哀悽 / 哀凄 (āiqī)
- 哀慟 / 哀恸 (āitòng)
- 哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
- 哀痛 (āitòng)
- 哀苦 (āikǔ)
- 心酸 (xīnsuān)
- 怛傷 / 怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
- 悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
- 情傷 / 情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
- 悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
- 悲傷 / 悲伤 (bēishāng)
- 悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
- 悲哀 (bēi'āi)
- 悲悽 / 悲凄 (bēiqī)
- 悱惻 / 悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
- 悽惶 / 凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
- 悽愴 / 凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
- 悲愴 / 悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
- 悲慘 / 悲惨 (bēicǎn)
- 悲慟 / 悲恸 (bēitòng)
- 悲戚 (bēiqī)
- 悽戚 / 凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
- 悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
- 悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
- 悲涼 / 悲凉 (bēiliáng)
- 悲痛 (bēitòng)
- 悲苦 (bēikǔ)
- 感傷 / 感伤 (gǎnshāng)
- 愀愴 / 愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
- 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
- 惻然 / 恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
- 愴然 / 怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
- 慘 / 惨 (cǎn)
- 憂傷 / 忧伤 (yōushāng)
- 慘悽 / 惨凄 (cǎnqī)
- 憂愁 / 忧愁 (yōuchóu)
- 憂戚 / 忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
- 慘淡 / 惨淡 (cǎndàn)
- 懤懤 / 㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
- 沉痛 (chéntòng)
- 淒切 / 凄切 (qīqiè)
- 淒惻 / 凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
- 淒慘 / 凄惨 (qīcǎn)
- 淒楚 / 凄楚 (qīchǔ)
- 淒涼 / 凄凉 (qīliáng)
- 淒然 / 凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
- 痛心 (tòngxīn)
- 艱苦心 / 艰苦心 (Hokkien)
- 蒼涼 / 苍凉 (cāngliáng)
- 酸心 (suānxīn)
- 難受 / 难受 (nánshòu)
- 難過 / 难过 (nánguò)
- 青凊 (Hokkien)
- 黯然 (ànrán)