欺瞞
See also: 欺𥈞 and 欺瞒
Chinese
| take unfair advantage of; to deceive; to cheat | conceal from | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (欺瞞) | 欺 | 瞞 | |
| simp. (欺瞒) | 欺 | 瞒 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qīmán
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ ㄇㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cimán
- Wade–Giles: chʻi1-man2
- Yale: chī-mán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiman
- Palladius: цимань (cimanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ män³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hei1 mun4
- Yale: hēi mùhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: hei1 mun4
- Guangdong Romanization: héi1 mun4
- Sinological IPA (key): /hei̯⁵⁵ muːn²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khi-môa
- Tâi-lô: khi-muâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: qimoaa
- IPA (Xiamen): /kʰi⁴⁴⁻²² muã²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰi³³ muã²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰi⁴⁴⁻²² muã¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /kʰi⁴⁴⁻³³ muã²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰi⁴⁴⁻³³ muã²³/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
欺瞞
Synonyms
- 作偽 / 作伪 (zuòwěi)
- 作假 (zuòjiǎ)
- 使手路 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 創戇 / 创戆 (Hokkien)
- 創戇仔 / 创戆仔 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 哄騙 / 哄骗 (hǒngpiàn)
- 喝人 (Hokkien)
- 壅蔽 (yōngbì) (literary)
- 打哄 (da3 hong3) (Xiang)
- 拆白 (chāibái) (dialectal)
- 拐騙 / 拐骗 (guǎipiàn)
- 日哄 (reh4 hung2) (Jin)
- 梟人 / 枭人 (Hakka)
- 棍騙 / 棍骗 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 欺詐 / 欺诈 (qīzhà)
- 欺騙 / 欺骗 (qīpiàn)
- 瞞 / 瞒 (mán) (to hide the truth)
- 瞞哄 / 瞒哄 (mánhǒng)
- 瞞騙 / 瞒骗 (mánpiàn)
- 矇人 / 蒙人 (mēngrén)
- 矇混 / 蒙混 (ménghùn)
- 矇蔽 / 蒙蔽 (méngbì)
- 矇騙 / 蒙骗 (mēngpiàn)
- 糊弄 (hùnong) (colloquial)
- 耍花招 (shuǎ huāzhāo)
- 脫人 / 脱人 (tŏ̤-nêng) (Northern Min)
- 行騙 / 行骗 (xíngpiàn)
- 訛詐 / 讹诈 (ézhà)
- 詐騙 / 诈骗 (zhàpiàn)
- 誆騙 / 诓骗 (kuāngpiàn)
- 誑 / 诳 (kuáng) (literary, or in compounds)
- 誘騙 / 诱骗 (yòupiàn)
- 誑騙 / 诳骗 (kuángpiàn)
- 變戲法 / 变戏法 (biàn xìfǎ) (figurative)
- 賺 / 赚 (zuàn) (colloquial)
- 騙 / 骗 (piàn)
- 騙人 / 骗人 (piànrén)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 欺 | 瞞 |
| ぎ Grade: S |
まん Hyōgai |
| kan'yōon | goon |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 欺𥈞 (extended shinjitai) 欺謾 (rare) |
Etymology
Ultimately from Middle Chinese compound 欺瞞 (MC khi man, literally “cheat, bully + lie, conceal”).
First cited to a text from 1477.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
Verb
欺瞞する • (giman suru) ←ぎまん (giman)?suru (stem 欺瞞し (giman shi), past 欺瞞した (giman shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "欺瞞する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 欺瞞し | ぎまんし | giman shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 欺瞞し | ぎまんし | giman shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 欺瞞する | ぎまんする | giman suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 欺瞞する | ぎまんする | giman suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 欺瞞すれ | ぎまんすれ | giman sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 欺瞞せよ¹ 欺瞞しろ² |
ぎまんせよ¹ ぎまんしろ² |
giman seyo¹ giman shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 欺瞞される | ぎまんされる | giman sareru | |
| Causative | 欺瞞させる 欺瞞さす |
ぎまんさせる ぎまんさす |
giman saseru giman sasu | |
| Potential | 欺瞞できる | ぎまんできる | giman dekiru | |
| Volitional | 欺瞞しよう | ぎまんしよう | giman shiyō | |
| Negative | 欺瞞しない | ぎまんしない | giman shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 欺瞞せず | ぎまんせず | giman sezu | |
| Formal | 欺瞞します | ぎまんします | giman shimasu | |
| Perfective | 欺瞞した | ぎまんした | giman shita | |
| Conjunctive | 欺瞞して | ぎまんして | giman shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 欺瞞すれば | ぎまんすれば | giman sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 欺 | 瞞 |
Noun
欺瞞 • (giman) (hangeul 기만)
- hanja form? of 기만 (“deception, deceit, humblebrag”)