水道

Chinese

		water; river	direction; way; method direction; way; method; road; path; principle; truth; reason; skill; Tao (of Taoism); a measure word; to say; to speak; to talk
trad. (水道)		水	道
simp. ^#(水道)		水	道

Etymology

Attestable in pre-Qin texts. Sense "water supply" from Japanese 水道(すいどう) (suidō).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shuǐdào

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi² dou⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): súi-tho
Eastern Min (BUC): cūi-dô̤
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chúi-tō
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵sy-dau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shuǐdào
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shuěidào
  - Wade–Giles: shui³-tao⁴
  - Yale: shwěi-dàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shoeidaw
  - Palladius: шуйдао (šujdao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    水稻
    水道
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: seoi² dou⁶
  - Yale: séui douh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soey² dou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêu² dou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯³⁵ tou̯²²/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    水稻
    水道
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: súi-tho
  - Hakka Romanization System: sui^ˋ to
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sui³ to⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /su̯i³¹ tʰo⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cūi-dô̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sui³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t-)lɔ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chúi-tō
  - Tâi-lô: tsuí-tō
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuy'doi
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sy-dau
  - MiniDict: sy^去 dau
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²sr-dau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩³³ dɔ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: sywijX dawX

Rime
Character	水	道
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	脂 (18)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	式軌切	徒晧切
Baxter	sywijX	dawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕˠiuɪ^X/	/dɑu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕʷᵚi^X/	/dɑu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiuɪ^X/	/dɑu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕjwi^X/	/daw^X/
Li Rong	/ɕjui^X/	/dɑu^X/
Wang Li	/ɕwi^X/	/dɑu^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɕwi^X/	/dʱɑu^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuǐ	dào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seoi²	dou⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.turʔ [kə.l]ˤuʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʰʷljilʔ l'uːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	水	道
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shuǐ	dào
Middle Chinese	‹ sywij^X ›	‹ daw^X ›
Old Chinese	/s.turʔ/ (E dialect: -r > *-j)	/*[kə.l]ˁuʔ/
English	water; river	way
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	水	道
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11948	11669
Phonetic component	水	首
Rime group	脂	幽
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	水	道
Old Chinese	/*qʰʷljilʔ/	/*l'uːʔ/

Noun

水道

canal; ditch
water course; waterway
把某物傾倒在水道中 [MSC, trad.]
把某物倾倒在水道中 [MSC, simp.]
bǎ mǒuwù qīngdào zài shuǐdào zhōng [Pinyin]
to dump sth in the waterway
lane in swimming pool
(literary) urethra
(Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka) water supply

Synonyms

(canal): (literary) 孔 (kǒng), 渠道 (qúdào)
(water course): 水路 (shuǐlù), 航道 (hángdào)

Derived terms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
水	道
すい Grade: 1	どう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Etymology

From 水 (sui, “water; cold water”) +‎ 道 (dō, “passage; duct”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) すいどー [sùídóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [sɨido̞ː]

Noun

水(すい)道(どう) • (suidō)

Derived terms

水道屋(すいどうや) (suidōya, “plumber”)
水道管(すいどうかん) (suidōkan, “water pipe”)
水道局(すいどうきょく) (suidōkyoku, “water bureau”)
水道工事(すいどうこうじ) (suidō kōji, “waterworks”)
水道水(すいどうすい) (suidōsui, “tap water”)
水道栓(すいどうせん) (suidōsen, “hydrant; faucet”)
水道料(すいどうりょう) (suidōryō, “water rates”)
水道料金(すいどうりょうきん) (suidō ryōkin, “water charges”)
水道(すいどう)の水(すい) (suidō no sui, “tap water”)
水道(すいどう)の栓(せん) (suidō no sen, “water spigot”)
下水道(げすいどう) (gesuidō, “drain; sewer”)
上下水道(じょうげすいどう) (jōgesuidō, “water and sewer services”)
上水道(じょうすいどう) (jōsuidō, “waterworks”)
中水道(ちゅうすいどう) (chūsuidō, “gray water system”)

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
水	道

Noun

水道 • (sudo) (hangeul 수도)

hanja form^? of 수도 (“water supply”)

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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