泛

See also: 汎 and 氾

泛	U+6CDB, 泛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CDB

← 泚
[U+6CDA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

泜 →
[U+6CDC]

Translingual

Han character

泛 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 水+4 in mainland China and Japanese, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 7 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 水竹戈人 (EHIO), four-corner 3213₇, composition ⿰氵乏)

Derived characters

𭈠, 𣓦, 𥁷

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 616, character 21
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17298
Dae Jaweon: page 1011, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1569, character 2
Unihan data for U+6CDB

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泛
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (乏) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
砭	prom, proms
貶	*promʔ
窆	*proms
泛	pʰoms, bob
姂	pʰoms, bob, *kpʰob
䒦	pʰom, pʰoms
柉	*bom
覂	*poŋʔ
眨	*sproːb
鴔	*brub
乏	*bob

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰoms, *bob): semantic 氵 + phonetic 乏 (OC *bob).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		泛
alternative forms		汎／泛氾滼

Sino-Tibetan. Compare Tibetan འབྱམ ('byam, “to flow over; to diffuse”) (Bodman, 1980).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fan⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): faan³ / faan⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): fan⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): fan⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fam

(Meixian, Guangdong): fam⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): fan³
Northern Min (KCR): huāng
Eastern Min (BUC): huáng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hoàn / hàm / hoān

(Teochew, Peng'im): huam³ / huang³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵fe
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fan⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
  - Wade–Giles: fan⁴
  - Yale: fàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
  - Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: fan⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fan
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: faan³ / faan⁶
  - Yale: faan / faahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faan³ / faan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fan³ / fan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn³³/, /faːn²²/

Note: faan6 - common variant in Hong Kong.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fan⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: fan⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fam
  - Hakka Romanization System: fam
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fam⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fam⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fam⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fam⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: fan³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /fæ̃⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huāng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuaŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huɑŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
  - Tâi-lô: huàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /huan²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hàm
  - Tâi-lô: hàm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: haxm
  - IPA (Taipei): /ham¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ham⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /ham²¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
  - Tâi-lô: huān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huan³³/

Note:

hoàn - literary;
hàm - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: huam³ / huang³
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huàm / huàng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /huam²¹³/, /huaŋ²¹³/

Note:

huam3 - Chaozhou, Raoping, Jieyang;
huang3 - Shantou, Chenghai, Chaoyang.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵fe
  - MiniDict: fe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fe³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: fan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸan⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: phjomH

Rime
Character	泛
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	凡 (146)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	孚梵切
Baxter	phjomH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰɨɐm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiɐm^H/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiɐm^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuam^H/
Li Rong	/pʰiɐm^H/
Wang Li	/pʰĭwɐm^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pʰi̯wɐm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰ(r)[o]m-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*pʰoms/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	泛
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fàn
Middle Chinese	‹ phjom^H ›
Old Chinese	/*pʰ(r)[o]m-s/
English	to float
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泛
Reading #	1/2
No.	2844
Phonetic component	乏
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	汎
Old Chinese	/*pʰoms/

Definitions

泛

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to float on water; to drift
to spread out; to be suffused with
to flood; to overflow
superficial; non-specific
extensive; general; pan-
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) careless; reckless

Synonyms

(general):

edit

共通 (gòngtōng)
廣 / 广 (guǎng)
廣泛 / 广泛 (guǎngfàn)
普通 (pǔtōng)
普遍 (pǔbiàn)
泛濫 / 泛滥 (fànlàn) (archaic)
流行 (liúxíng)
遍 (biàn) (literary, or in compounds)

Compounds

寬泛 / 宽泛 (kuānfàn)
平平泛泛
廣泛 / 广泛 (guǎngfàn)
拍泛
挑泛
捻泛
梗泛
泛動 / 泛动
泛化 (fànhuà)
泛問 / 泛问
泛子
泛宅
泛常
泛心論 / 泛心论 (fànxīnlùn)
泛指 (fànzhǐ)
泛泛 (fànfàn)
泛泛之交 (fànfànzhījiāo)
泛泛之輩 / 泛泛之辈
泛泛而談 / 泛泛而谈 (fànfàn'értán)
泛溢 (fànyì)
泛潮
泛濫 / 泛滥 (fànlàn)
泛濫成災 / 泛滥成灾 (fànlànchéngzāi)
泛神論 / 泛神论 (fànshénlùn)
泛紅 / 泛红
泛索
泛聲 / 泛声
泛脣泛舌 / 泛唇泛舌
泛舟 (fànzhōu)
泛覽 / 泛览
泛論 / 泛论 (fànlùn)
泛起
泛靈信仰 / 泛灵信仰
泛音 (fànyīn)
泛頭 / 泛头
泛駕之馬 / 泛驾之马
活泛
浮家泛宅
浮泛 (fúfàn)
漂泛
科泛
空泛 (kōngfàn)
膚泛 / 肤泛
虛泛 / 虚泛
說泛 / 说泛
調泛 / 调泛
飄泛 / 飘泛

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (泛):

→ Japanese: 汎(はん) (han); 汎(ほん) (hon)
→ Korean: 범(泛) (beom)
→ Vietnamese: phiếm (泛)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		泛

From 覂 (OC *poŋʔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fěng (feng³)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fung² / fung³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fěng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fǒng
  - Wade–Giles: fêng³
  - Yale: fěng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feeng
  - Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fung² / fung³
  - Yale: fúng / fung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fung² / fung³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fung² / fung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ³⁵/, /fʊŋ³³/

Definitions

泛

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to turn over; to topple over
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to be destroyed; to be defeated; to fall

Derived terms

泛卮
泛駕 / 泛驾

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		泛

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fá (fa²)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄚˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fá
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fá
  - Wade–Giles: fa²
  - Yale: fá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: far
  - Palladius: фа (fa)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fä³⁵/

Middle Chinese: bjop

Rime
Character	泛
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	乏 (148)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	房法切
Baxter	bjop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/biɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/biɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buap̚/
Li Rong	/biɐp̚/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faat⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bob/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泛
Reading #	2/2
No.	2853
Phonetic component	乏
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	乏
Old Chinese	/*bob/

Definitions

泛

(historical dictionaries only) The sound of water.

References

“泛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02181

Japanese

Kanji

泛

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: ふう (fū)、ほん (hon)
Kan-on: はん (han)、ほう (hō)
Kun: うかぶ (ukabu, 泛ぶ)、こぼれる (koboreru, 泛る)

Usage notes

This character is not a modern Japanese character. It appears mostly in news reports of China or Taiwan issues, such as in reports about the Pan-Blue Alliance written as 泛藍連盟 in Japanese news reports. The character 汎 is the modern Japanese character which parallels this Chinese character in usage.

Korean

Hanja

泛 • (beom, bong) (hangeul 범, 봉, revised beom, bong, McCune–Reischauer pŏm, pong, Yale pem, pong)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

泛: Hán Nôm readings: phiếm, phím, mẹp, phám

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.