炭化
Chinese
| charcoal | to make into; to change into; ‑ization to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (炭化) | 炭 | 化 | |
| simp. #(炭化) | 炭 | 化 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: tànhuà
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tànhuà
- Wade–Giles: tʻan4-hua4
- Yale: tàn-hwà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tannhuah
- Palladius: таньхуа (tanʹxua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 炭化
炭畫 / 炭画
碳化
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: taan3 faa3
- Yale: taan fa
- Cantonese Pinyin: taan3 faa3
- Guangdong Romanization: tan3 fa3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰaːn³³ faː³³/
- Homophones:
炭化
碳化
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Verb
炭化
- to carbonize
Synonyms
- 碳化 (tànhuà)
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 炭 | 化 |
| たん Grade: 3 |
か Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi | |
Etymology
炭 (tan, “charcoal”) + 化 (ka, “transformation”)
Pronunciation
Noun
Derived terms
- 炭化水素 (tanka suiso, “hydrocarbon”)
Verb
炭化する • (tanka suru) ←たんくわ (tankwa)?suru (stem 炭化し (tanka shi), past 炭化した (tanka shita))
- to carbonize
Conjugation
Conjugation of "炭化する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 炭化し | たんかし | tanka shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 炭化し | たんかし | tanka shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 炭化する | たんかする | tanka suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 炭化する | たんかする | tanka suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 炭化すれ | たんかすれ | tanka sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 炭化せよ¹ 炭化しろ² |
たんかせよ¹ たんかしろ² |
tanka seyo¹ tanka shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 炭化される | たんかされる | tanka sareru | |
| Causative | 炭化させる 炭化さす |
たんかさせる たんかさす |
tanka saseru tanka sasu | |
| Potential | 炭化できる | たんかできる | tanka dekiru | |
| Volitional | 炭化しよう | たんかしよう | tanka shiyō | |
| Negative | 炭化しない | たんかしない | tanka shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 炭化せず | たんかせず | tanka sezu | |
| Formal | 炭化します | たんかします | tanka shimasu | |
| Perfective | 炭化した | たんかした | tanka shita | |
| Conjunctive | 炭化して | たんかして | tanka shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 炭化すれば | たんかすれば | tanka sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 炭 | 化 |
Noun
炭化 • (tanhwa) (hangeul 탄화)
- hanja form? of 탄화 (“carbonisation”)