相對

See also: 相对 and 相対

Chinese

		each other; appearance; portrait each other; appearance; portrait; picture; one another; mutually	couple; pair; to be opposite couple; pair; to be opposite; to oppose; to face; for; to; correct (answer); to answer; to reply; to direct (towards something); right
trad. (相對)		相	對
simp. (相对)		相	对

Etymology

Attestable in ancient pre-Qin texts. In the sense of "relativity", borrowed from Japanese 相對(そうたい) (sōtai).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiāngduì

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤㄉㄨㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹ deoi³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siông-tui
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): siong-tùi / siang-tùi / saⁿ-tùi / sio-tùi

(Teochew, Peng'im): siang¹ dui³ / siê¹ dui³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiāngduì
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤㄉㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siangduèi
  - Wade–Giles: hsiang¹-tui⁴
  - Yale: syāng-dwèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiangduey
  - Palladius: сяндуй (sjanduj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng¹ deoi³
  - Yale: sēung deui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹ doey³
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹ dêu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵ tɵy̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siông-tui
  - Hakka Romanization System: xiong^ˊ dui
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xiong¹ dui⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /si̯oŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tu̯i⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siong-tùi
  - Tâi-lô: siong-tuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siongduix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³ tui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tui²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siang-tùi
  - Tâi-lô: siang-tuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siangduix
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tui²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-tùi
  - Tâi-lô: sann-tuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sva'duix
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ tui¹¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio-tùi
  - Tâi-lô: sio-tuì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sioi'duix
  - IPA (Taipei): /sio⁴⁴⁻³³ tui¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tui²¹/

Note: saⁿ-tùi/sio-tùi - "facing each other".

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: siang¹ dui³ / siê¹ dui³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siang tùi / sie tùi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaŋ³³⁻²³ tui²¹³/, /sie³³⁻²³ tui²¹³/

Verb

相對

to square off; to face off; to face each other
to resist; to oppose

Synonyms

(to square off): 面對面／面对面 (miànduìmiàn)

Adjective

相對

(attributive) relative (as opposed to absolute)

Antonyms

絕對／绝对 (juéduì)

Adverb

相對

comparatively; relatively; fairly; quite

Synonyms

edit

比較 / 比较
較為 / 较为

Noun

相對

relativity

Derived terms

廣義相對論 / 广义相对论 (guǎngyì xiāngduìlùn)
相對主義 / 相对主义 (xiāngduì zhǔyì)
相對人 / 相对人
相對原子質量 / 相对原子质量 (xiāngduì yuánzǐ zhìliàng)
相對同時 / 相对同时
相對權 / 相对权
相對濕度 / 相对湿度 (xiāngduì shīdù)
相對真理 / 相对真理 (xiāngduì zhēnlǐ)
相對論 / 相对论 (xiāngduìlùn)
相對論角動量 / 相对论角动量
相對高度 / 相对高度
針鋒相對 / 针锋相对 (zhēnfēngxiāngduì)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (相對):

→ Japanese: 相対(そうたい) (sōtai)
→ Korean: 상대(相對) (sangdae)
→ Vietnamese: tương đối (相對)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
相	對
あい Grade: 3	たい Hyōgai
yutōyomi

Kanji in this term
相	對
そう Grade: 3	たい Hyōgai
on'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 相對 – see the following entry.

【相対あいたい】	[adjective] confrontation, head-to-head [verb] to confront, face
【相対そうたい】	[noun] relativity [verb] to be relative

(This term, 相對, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
相	對

Noun

相對 • (sangdae) (hangeul 상대)

hanja form^? of 상대 (“facing or confronting”)
hanja form^? of 상대 (“partner or interlocutor”)
hanja form^? of 상대 (“opponent or adversary”)

Derived terms

상대국 (相對國, sangdaeguk)
상대론 (相對論, sangdaeron)
상대방 (相對方, sangdaebang)
상대성 (相對性, sangdaeseong)
상대어 (相對語, sangdaeeo)
상대자 (相對者, sangdaeja)
상대적 (相對的, sangdaejeok)
상대주의 (相對主義, sangdaejuui)
상대편 (相對便, sangdaepyeon)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
相	對

Adjective

相對

chữ Hán form of tương đối (“relative”)

Adverb

相對

chữ Hán form of tương đối (“relatively”)