眩

眩	U+7729, 眩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7729

← 眨
[U+7728]

CJK Unified Ideographs

眪 →
[U+772A]

Translingual

Han character

眩 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月山卜女戈 (BUYVI), four-corner 6003₂, composition ⿰目玄)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 805, character 20
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23254
Dae Jaweon: page 1221, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2482, character 3
Unihan data for U+7729

Chinese

simp. and trad.		眩
alternative forms		眴

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (玄) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
弦	*ɡeːn
絃	ɡeːn, qʰʷeːn
舷	*ɡeːn
痃	*ɡeːn
胘	ɡeːn, ɡʷeːn
蚿	*ɡeːn
伭	*ɡeːn
婱	*ɡeːn
玄	*ɡʷeːn
眩	ɡʷeːn, ɡʷeːn
玹	ɡʷeːn, ɡʷeːn
玆	*ɡʷeːn
詃	*kʷeːn
泫	*ɡʷeːn
鉉	*ɡʷeːn
炫	*ɡʷeːn
袨	*ɡʷeːn
衒	*ɡʷeːn
惤	*ɡʷreːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːn): semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 玄 (OC *ɡʷeːn).

Etymology

Related to 熒 (OC wêŋ). See there for more.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xuàn (xuan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁶ / jyun⁴ / waan⁶
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hoeng⁵ / hyoeng⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hiân / hîn

(Teochew, Peng'im): hiêng⁵ / hiang⁵ / hing⁵ / hêng⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syuàn
  - Wade–Giles: hsüan⁴
  - Yale: sywàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuann
  - Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jyun⁶ / jyun⁴ / waan⁶
  - Yale: yuhn / yùhn / waahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁶ / jyn⁴ / waan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yun⁶ / yun⁴ / wan⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²²/, /jyːn²¹/, /waːn²²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hē̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hœŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hyoeng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyøŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiân
  - Tâi-lô: hiân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hieen
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛn²³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /hiɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛn¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hîn
  - Tâi-lô: hîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiin
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen, Singapore): /hin²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hin¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Penang): /hin²³/

Note:

hiân - literary;
hîn - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: hiêng⁵ / hiang⁵ / hing⁵ / hêng⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiêng / hiâng / hîng / hêng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieŋ⁵⁵/, /hiaŋ⁵⁵/, /hiŋ⁵⁵/, /heŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

hiêng5 - literary (Chaozhou);
hiang5 - literary (Shantou, Jieyang, Chenghai, Chaoyang);
hing5 - vernacular (Chaozhou);
hêng5 - vernacular (Jieyang).

Middle Chinese: hwen, hwenH

Rime
Character	眩	眩
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	先 (86)	先 (86)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	胡涓切	黃練切
Baxter	hwen	hwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwen/	/ɦwen^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷen/	/ɦʷen^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɛn/	/ɣuɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwɛn/	/ɦwɛn^H/
Li Rong	/ɣuen/	/ɣuen^H/
Wang Li	/ɣiwen/	/ɣiwen^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣiwen/	/ɣiwen^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xuán	xuàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun⁴	jyun⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	眩	眩
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	14030	14037
Phonetic component	玄	玄
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	玄	泫
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷeːn/	/*ɡʷeːn/

Definitions

眩

dizzy; giddy; vertiginous
(literary) puzzled; bewildered
alternative form of 炫 (xuàn, “to dazzle”)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 暈 (“dizzy; giddy”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		暈
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	暈
Northeastern Mandarin	Singapore	暈
Cantonese	Hong Kong	暈
Cantonese	Singapore (Guangfu)	暈
Southern Min	Xiamen	眩
	Quanzhou	眩
	Zhangzhou	眩
	Tainan	眩, 楞
	Penang (Hokkien)	眩
	Singapore (Hokkien)	眩, 楞
	Manila (Hokkien)	眩
	Raoping	眩
	Jieyang	眩, 愩
	Singapore (Teochew)	眩
	Wenchang	眩
	Singapore (Hainanese)	眩

Compounds

昏眩 (hūnxuàn)
暈眩 / 晕眩 (yūnxuàn)
發眩 / 发眩
目眩 (mùxuàn)
目眩心花
目眩神搖 / 目眩神摇
目眩神迷
目眩神馳 / 目眩神驰
目眩魂搖 / 目眩魂摇
眩人 (xuànrén)
眩惑
眩暈 / 眩晕
眩曜
眩泯
眩湣
眩目 (xuànmù)
眩目震耳
眩眠
眩眩
眩耀 (xuànyào)
瞑眩
神搖目眩 / 神摇目眩
耳目昏眩
蝯眩
頭懸目眩 / 头悬目眩
頭昏目眩 / 头昏目眩
頭暈目眩 / 头晕目眩 (tóuyūnmùxuàn)
頭眩 / 头眩
頭眩眼花 / 头眩眼花

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “眩”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 270.

Japanese

Kanji

眩

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: げん (gen)
Kan-on: けん (ken)
Kun: くらむ (kuramu, 眩む)、まどう (madou, 眩う)、くれる (kureru, 眩れる)、めまい (memai, 眩)、まぶしい (mabushii, 眩しい)

Korean

Hanja

眩 • (hyeon, hwan) (hangeul 현, 환, revised hyeon, hwan, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, hwan, Yale hyen, hwan)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.