竈

See also: 竃 and 灶

竈	U+7AC8, 竈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AC8

← 竇
[U+7AC7]

CJK Unified Ideographs

竉 →
[U+7AC9]

Translingual

Traditional	竈/灶
Shinjitai (extended)	竃
Simplified	灶

Han character

竈 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+16, 21 strokes, cangjie input 十金土口山 (JCGRU), composition ⿱𥤧黽)

Derived characters

𢥼

Descendants

竃 (Japanese shinjitai character)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 869, character 26
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25703
Dae Jaweon: page 1298, character 34
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2746, character 11
Unihan data for U+7AC8

Chinese

trad.		竈
simp.		灶
alternative forms		竃𥨫

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (圥) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
灶	*ʔsluːɡs
竈	*ʔsluːɡs
鼀	*sʰluɡ

Etymology

Likely related to 焦 (OC *ʔsew, “to scorch”); see there for more (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zào (zao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zou³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zào
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zào
  - Wade–Giles: tsao⁴
  - Yale: dzàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaw
  - Palladius: цзао (czao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zou³
  - Yale: jou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sou̯³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵tsau
  - MiniDict: tsau^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sɔ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: tsawH

Rime
Character	竈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	則到切
Baxter	tsawH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɑu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɑu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɑu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡saw^H/
Li Rong	/t͡sɑu^H/
Wang Li	/t͡sɑu^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sɑu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zou³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤuk-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsluːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	竈
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zào
Middle Chinese	‹ tsaw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁuk-s/
English	cooking-place, stove
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	竈
Reading #	1/1
No.	8529
Phonetic component	圥
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ʔsluːɡs/

Definitions

竈

alternative form of 灶 (zào, “stove; kitchen range; kitchen”)
forty-fourth tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "stove" (𝌱)

Usage notes

In the first batch of simplified Chinese characters (1935), it was proposed for this character to be simplified as 灶 (zào). The simplification of 竈 to 灶 (zào) was finally approved in 1965 in mainland China. Note that in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), this character is classified as a variant form of 灶 (zào).

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	竃
Print standard	竈

Kanji

竈

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 竃)

Kyūjitai form of 竃

Readings

Go-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
Kan-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
Kun: かまど (kamado, 竈)、かま (kama, 竈)、くど (kudo, 竈)、へつい (hetsui, 竈)、へっつい (hettsui, 竈)

Usage notes

竃 (U+7AC3) which is an extended shinjitai character that was added to JIS X 0208 in 1990, is the preferred form for this character.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
竈
かまど Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
竃

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かまど [kàmádó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ka̠ma̠do̞]

(Kyoto) かまど [kamado] (Kōki – [0])

Noun

竈(かまど) • (kamado)

kamado (traditional Japanese stove)

Derived terms

Descendants

→ English: kamado

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
竈
かま Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 竈 – see the following entry.

【かま】	[noun] 竃, 竈: a kitchen range Alternative spelling 竃

(This term, 竈, is the kyūjitai of an alternative spelling (竃) of the above term.)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

竈 • (jo) (hangeul 조)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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