結晶

See also: 结晶

Chinese

		knot; sturdy; to bear (fruit) knot; sturdy; to bear (fruit); bond; to tie; to bind	crystal
trad. (結晶)		結	晶
simp. (结晶)		结	晶

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiéjīng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): git³ zing¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kiet-chîn / kiat-chîn

(Hailu, HRS): gied zin^ˋ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): geh⁶ zing¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kiat-cheng / kiat-chiⁿ / kiat-cheⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): gag⁴ zian¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiéjīng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiéjing
  - Wade–Giles: chieh²-ching¹
  - Yale: jyé-jīng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyejing
  - Palladius: цзецзин (czeczin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: git³ zing¹
  - Yale: git jīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: git⁸ dzing¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gid³ jing¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːt̚³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiet-chîn
  - Hakka Romanization System: gied^ˋ jin^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giad⁵ jin¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯et̚² t͡sin²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiat-chîn
  - Hakka Romanization System: giad^ˋ jin^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giad⁵ jin¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯at̚² t͡sin²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: gied zin^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /kiet⁵⁻² t͡sin⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: geh⁶ zing¹ [Phonetic: geh⁷ zing¹]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: geh-cing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ t͡siŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: geh⁶ zing¹ [Phonetic: geh⁷ zing¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛʔ²⁻⁴ t͡siŋ⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-cheng
  - Tâi-lô: kiat-tsing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiatzefng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-chiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kiat-tsinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiatcvy
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sĩ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-cheⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kiat-tsenn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiatzvef
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sẽ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gag⁴ zian¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kak tsiaⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kak̚²⁻⁴ t͡sĩã³³/

Verb

結晶

to crystallize; to form crystals

Derived terms

再結晶 / 再结晶 (zàijiéjīng)
結晶水 / 结晶水 (jiéjīngshuǐ)
結晶玻璃 / 结晶玻璃
結晶礦物 / 结晶矿物
結晶體 / 结晶体 (jiéjīngtǐ)
重結晶 / 重结晶 (chóngjiéjīng)

Noun

結晶

crystal
針狀結晶／针状结晶 ― zhēnzhuàng jiéjīng ― needle-shaped crystal
(figurative) crystallization (of something); fruit (of labour); cherished product
愛的結晶／爱的结晶 ― ài de jiéjīng ― crystallization of love

Synonyms

(crystal) 晶體／晶体 (jīngtǐ)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
結	晶
けつ > けっ Grade: 4	しょう Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) けっしょー [kèsshóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ke̞ɕːo̞ː]

Noun

結(けっ)晶(しょう) • (kesshō)

(chemistry) crystal
manifestation, fruits (of one's love, efforts, sweat, etc.)

Verb

結(けっ)晶(しょう)する • (kesshō suru) suru (stem 結(けっ)晶(しょう)し (kesshō shi), past 結(けっ)晶(しょう)した (kesshō shita))

to crystallize, to form a crystal
to manifest, to produce (as a result of one's efforts)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "結晶する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	結晶し	けっしょうし	kesshō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	結晶し	けっしょうし	kesshō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	結晶する	けっしょうする	kesshō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	結晶する	けっしょうする	kesshō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	結晶すれ	けっしょうすれ	kesshō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	結晶せよ¹ 結晶しろ²	けっしょうせよ¹ けっしょうしろ²	kesshō seyo¹ kesshō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	結晶される	けっしょうされる	kesshō sareru
Causative	結晶させる結晶さす	けっしょうさせるけっしょうさす	kesshō saseru kesshō sasu
Potential	結晶できる	けっしょうできる	kesshō dekiru
Volitional	結晶しよう	けっしょうしよう	kesshō shiyō
Negative	結晶しない	けっしょうしない	kesshō shinai
Negative continuative	結晶せず	けっしょうせず	kesshō sezu
Formal	結晶します	けっしょうします	kesshō shimasu
Perfective	結晶した	けっしょうした	kesshō shita
Conjunctive	結晶して	けっしょうして	kesshō shite
Hypothetical conditional	結晶すれば	けっしょうすれば	kesshō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
結	晶

Noun

結晶 • (gyeoljeong) (hangeul 결정)

hanja form^? of 결정 (“crystal, crystallization”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
結	晶

Verb

結晶

chữ Hán form of kết tinh (“to crystallize”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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