羅漢

See also: 罗汉

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (羅漢)		羅	漢
simp. (罗汉)		罗	汉
anagram		漢羅／汉罗

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): luóhàn

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄢˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lo⁴ hon³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lo³ hon¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lô-hàn / lô͘-hàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): lo⁵ hang³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luóhàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luóhàn
  - Wade–Giles: lo²-han⁴
  - Yale: lwó-hàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luohann
  - Palladius: лохань (loxanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ɔ³⁵ xän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lo⁴ hon³
  - Yale: lòh hon
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lo⁴ hon³
  - Guangdong Romanization: lo⁴ hon³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔː²¹ hɔːn³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lo³ hon¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lᵘɔ²² hᵘɔn³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô-hàn
  - Tâi-lô: lô-hàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: loi'haxn
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³⁻²² han²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴⁻¹¹ han¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lo²⁴⁻²² han²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³⁻³³ han²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lo²⁴⁻²² han⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô͘-hàn
  - Tâi-lô: lôo-hàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lo'haxn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ²⁴⁻²² han⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: lo⁵ hang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lô hàng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ haŋ²¹³/

Noun

羅漢

short for 阿羅漢／阿罗汉 (āluóhàn, “arhat”)

Derived terms

八百羅漢 / 八百罗汉
十八羅漢 / 十八罗汉 (Shíbā Luóhàn)
十六羅漢 / 十六罗汉
大肚羅漢 / 大肚罗汉
大頭羅漢戲柳翠 / 大头罗汉戏柳翠
疊羅漢 / 叠罗汉 (diéluóhàn)
羅漢巾 / 罗汉巾
羅漢床 / 罗汉床
羅漢曬 / 罗汉晒
羅漢果 / 罗汉果 (luóhànguǒ)
羅漢松 / 罗汉松 (luóhànsōng)
羅漢柏 / 罗汉柏
羅漢桌兒 / 罗汉桌儿
羅漢湯 / 罗汉汤
羅漢狗子 / 罗汉狗子
羅漢碗 / 罗汉碗
羅漢竹 / 罗汉竹
羅漢腳 / 罗汉脚
羅漢菜 / 罗汉菜
羅漢豆 / 罗汉豆 (luóhàndòu)
羅漢身子 / 罗汉身子
羅漢齋 / 罗汉斋 (luóhànzhāi)
羅漢齋觀音 / 罗汉斋观音
花羅漢 / 花罗汉
觀音齋羅漢 / 观音斋罗汉
金身羅漢 / 金身罗汉

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (羅漢):

→ Japanese: 羅漢(らかん) (rakan)
→ Korean: 나한(羅漢) (nahan), 라한(羅漢) (rahan)
→ Vietnamese: la hán (羅漢)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
羅	漢
ら Grade: S	かん Grade: 3
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

First attested before the seventh century.^[1]

Noun

羅(ら)漢(かん) • (rakan)

(Buddhism, colloquial) short for 阿羅漢 (arakan): an arhat, Buddhist saint
(theater, colloquial) short for 羅漢台 (rakandai): a low seat behind the stage, the audience member sitting there vaguely resembling an arhat

Derived terms

羅(ら)漢(かん)果(か) (rakanka)
羅(ら)漢(かん)講(こう) (rakankō)
羅(ら)漢(かん)山(ざん) (Rakan-zan)
羅(ら)漢(かん)寺(じ) (Rakan-ji)
羅(ら)漢(かん)松(しょう) (rakanshō)
羅(ら)漢(かん)台(だい) (rakandai)
羅(ら)漢(かん)柏(はく) (rakanhaku)
羅(ら)漢(かん)舞(ま)い (rakanmai)
羅(ラ)漢(カン)槙(マキ) (rakanmaki)
羅(ら)漢(かん)回(まわ)し (rakan-mawashi)
五(ご)百(ひゃく)羅(ら)漢(かん) (Gohyaku Rakan)
十(じゅう)六(ろく)羅(ら)漢(かん) (Jūroku Rakan)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
羅	漢
ら Grade: S (ateji)	かん Grade: 3 (ateji)
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From confusion of the uncommon kanji 罹 (ri) with the more common kanji 羅 (ra).

Noun

羅(ら)漢(かん) • (rakan)

misspelling of 罹患 (rikan): contracting an illness

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
羅	漢

Noun

羅漢 • (nahan) (hangeul 나한)

hanja form^? of 나한 (“arhat”)
hanja form^? of 라한 (“arhat”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
羅	漢

Noun

羅漢

chữ Hán form of la hán (“arhat”)