自衛

See also: 自衞 and 自卫

Chinese

		from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since	to guard; to protect; to defend to guard; to protect; to defend; surname
trad. (自衛/自衞)		自	衛/衞
simp. (自卫)		自	卫

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zìwèi

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄨㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ wai⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhṳ-vi

(Hailu, HRS): cii^˖ vui^˖
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zo⁵ e⁵
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chīr-ōe / chū-ōe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zìwèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zìhwèi
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-wei⁴
  - Yale: dz̀-wèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhwey
  - Palladius: цзывэй (czyvɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    自慰
    自衛 / 自卫
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zi⁶ wai⁶
  - Yale: jih waih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ wai⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ wei⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² wɐi̯²²/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    字彙 / 字汇
    自衛 / 自卫
    嗣位
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ-vi
  - Hakka Romanization System: cii vi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ci⁴ vi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ vi⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: cii^˖ vui^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ³³ vui³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zo⁵ e⁵ [Phonetic: zo⁴ e⁵]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ceō-ā̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡so¹¹⁻⁴² e¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zo⁵ e⁵ [Phonetic: zo⁴ e⁵]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡so²¹⁻⁴² e²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-ōe
  - Tâi-lô: tsīr-uē
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² ue⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-ōe
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-uē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxoe
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ ue³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ ue²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ ue³³/

Verb

自衛

to defend oneself; to use self-defense
自衛防身／自卫防身 ― zìwèi fángshēn ― self-defense

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (自衛):

→ Japanese: 自(じ)衛(えい) (jiei)
→ Korean: 자위(自衛) (jawi)
→ Vietnamese: tự vệ (自衛)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
自	衛
じ Grade: 2	えい Grade: 5
goon	kan'on

Alternative spelling
自衞 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じえー [jìéé] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑie̞ː]

Noun

自(じ)衛(えい) • (jiei) ^{←じゑい (ziwei)^?}

self-defense

Derived terms

自(じ)衛(えい)官(かん) (jieikan)
自(じ)衛(えい)艦(かん) (jieikan)
自(じ)衛(えい)艦(かん)隊(たい) (jiei kantai)
自(じ)衛(えい)権(けん) (jieiken)
自(じ)衛(えい)隊(たい) (jieitai)

Related terms

防(ぼう)衛(えい) (bōei)

Verb

自(じ)衛(えい)する • (jiei suru) ^{←じゑい (ziwei)^?}transitive suru (stem 自(じ)衛(えい)し (jiei shi), past 自(じ)衛(えい)した (jiei shita))

to defend oneself on one's own from attack etc.
自(じ)衛(えい)隊(たい)は日(に)本(ほん)を自(じ)衛(えい)する
jieitai wa Nihon o jiei suru
the JSDF defends Japan

アカウントを自(じ)衛(えい)する
akaunto o jiei suru
to protect one's account

Conjugation

Conjugation of "自衛する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	自衛し	じえいし	jiei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	自衛し	じえいし	jiei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	自衛する	じえいする	jiei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	自衛する	じえいする	jiei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	自衛すれ	じえいすれ	jiei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	自衛せよ¹ 自衛しろ²	じえいせよ¹ じえいしろ²	jiei seyo¹ jiei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	自衛される	じえいされる	jiei sareru
Causative	自衛させる自衛さす	じえいさせるじえいさす	jiei saseru jiei sasu
Potential	自衛できる	じえいできる	jiei dekiru
Volitional	自衛しよう	じえいしよう	jiei shiyō
Negative	自衛しない	じえいしない	jiei shinai
Negative continuative	自衛せず	じえいせず	jiei sezu
Formal	自衛します	じえいします	jiei shimasu
Perfective	自衛した	じえいした	jiei shita
Conjunctive	自衛して	じえいして	jiei shite
Hypothetical conditional	自衛すれば	じえいすれば	jiei sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
自	衛

Noun

自衛 • (jawi) (hangeul 자위)

hanja form^? of 자위 (“self-defense”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
自	衛

Noun

自衛

chữ Hán form of tự vệ (“self-defense”)

Verb

自衛

chữ Hán form of tự vệ (“to use self-defense”)

[SMK7-1] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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