萼

See also: 蕚

萼	U+843C, 萼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-843C

← 萻
[U+843B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

落 →
[U+843D]

Translingual

Han character

萼 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿口口尸 (TRRS), four-corner 4420₇, composition ⿱艹咢)

the stem and calyx of a flower
a younger brother

Derived characters

𠿸

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1043, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31361
Dae Jaweon: page 1503, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3249, character 4
Unihan data for U+843C

Chinese

trad.		萼
simp. ^#		萼
alternative forms		蕚／萼鄂

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (屰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
斥	ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ
訴	*sŋaːɡs
泝	*sŋaːɡs
愬	sŋaːɡs, sŋreːɡ
遡	*sŋaːɡs
塑	*sŋaːɡs
溯	*sŋaːɡs
遻	*ŋaːɡs
柝	*tŋ̊ʰaːɡ
鶚	*ŋaːɡ
諤	*ŋaːɡ
齶	*ŋaːɡ
鍔	*ŋaːɡ
遌	*ŋaːɡ
崿	*ŋaːɡ
偔	*ŋaːɡ
堮	*ŋaːɡ
湂	*ŋaːɡ
鱷	*ŋaːɡ
噩	*ŋaːɡ
咢	*ŋaːɡ
鑩	*ŋaːɡ
鄂	*ŋaːɡ
鰐	*ŋaːɡ
萼	*ŋaːɡ
愕	*ŋaːɡ
顎	*ŋaːɡ
朔	*sŋraːɡ
槊	*sraːwɢ
蒴	*sraːwɢ
坼	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
拆	*tŋ̊ʰraːɡ
逆	*ŋraɡ
屰	*ŋraɡ
縌	*ŋraɡ
蝷	*reːɡ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): è (e⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄜˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngok⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nga̍k
Eastern Min (BUC): ngáuk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): go̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngag⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: è
  - Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: è
  - Wade–Giles: o⁴
  - Yale: è
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
  - Palladius: э (e)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ngok⁶
  - Yale: ngohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngog⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nga̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngag
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngag⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋak̚⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngáuk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɑuʔ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: go̍k
  - Tâi-lô: go̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ngag⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nga̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋak̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: ngak

Rime
Character	萼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五各切
Baxter	ngak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋak̚/
Li Rong	/ŋɑk̚/
Wang Li	/ŋɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	è
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngok⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	萼
Reading #	1/1
No.	9465
Phonetic component	屰
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	咢
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːɡ/

Definitions

萼

calyx

Compounds

花萼 (huā'è)
華萼 / 华萼
萼片 (èpiàn)
萼花
離萼 / 离萼

Japanese

Kanji

萼

(Hyōgai kanji)

calyx
cup

Readings

Go-on: がく (gaku)
Kan-on: がく (gaku)
Kun: うてな (utena, 萼)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
萼
がく Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 萼 (MC ngak).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) がく [gáꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
(Tokyo) がく [gàkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɡa̠kɯ̟]

Noun

萼(がく) • (gaku)

a calyx (collective term for sepals)

Derived terms

萼片(がくへん) (gakuhen, “sepal”)
紫(シ)萼(ガク) (shigaku)
宿存(しゅくそん)萼(がく) (shukuson-gaku)
副萼(ふくがく) (fukugaku)
紅萼(ベニガク) (benigaku)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
萼
うてな Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Extension of 台 (utena, “tower, stand”), to a part of a flower.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) うてな [ùténá] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
(Tokyo) うてな [úꜜtènà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɯ̟te̞na̠]

Noun

萼(うてな) • (utena)

a calyx (collective term for sepals)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

萼 • (ak) (hangeul 악, revised ak, McCune–Reischauer ak, Yale ak)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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