蒟蒻

Chinese

betel
trad. (蒟蒻) 蒟 蒻
simp. #(蒟蒻) 蒟 蒻

Pronunciation

Note: 5ciu-zaq - often instead code-switched into Standard Mandarin, and many may not know the intended reading of the term. Alternatives include 6jiu-zaq, 5ciu-gniaq, 5ciu-loq, 5ciu-lau, et cetera.
Rime
Character 蒟 蒻
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 虞 (24) 藥 (107)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 俱雨切 而灼切
Baxter kjuX nyak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨoX/ /ȵɨɐk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kioX/ /ȵiɐk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kioX/ /ȵʑiɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kuə̆X/ /ȵɨak̚/
Li
Rong 		/kioX/ /ȵiak̚/
Wang
Li 		/kĭuX/ /ȵʑĭak̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ki̯uX/ /ȵʑi̯ak̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jǔ ruò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		geoi2 joek6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蒟 蒻
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 7101 10949
Phonetic
component 		句 弱
Rime
group 		侯 藥
Rime
subdivision 		0 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		矩 若
Old
Chinese 		/*koʔ/ /*njewɢ/

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

蒟蒻

  1. konjac (foul-smelling plant grown in Asia, Amorphophallus konjac)
  2. (literary, rare) betel and bulrush
Synonyms

Etymology 2

Pun on 巨弱 (jù ruò, “very weak”).

Noun

蒟蒻

  1. (Mainland China, slang, usually self-deprecatory) inexperienced competitor in Chinese science Olympiads (especially informatics olympiads, such as NOI and NOIP)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
蒟 蒻
こん
Hyōgai 		にゃく
Hyōgai
kan'yōon goon
Alternative spelling
菎蒻

Etymology

Probably from Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 蒟蒻 (MC kjuX nyak). The plant is not native to the Japanese archipelago, and was imported from China.

First cited to the 本草和名 (Honsō Wamyō) of circa 918 CE with the reading konyaku.[1] The geminate reading konnyaku is first cited to a text from 1336.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) こんにゃく [kòńnyáꜜkù] (Nakadaka – [3])[2]
  • (Tokyo) こんにゃく [kòńnyákúꜜ] (Odaka – [4])[2]
  • IPA(key): [kõ̞ɲ̟ːa̠kɯ̟]

Noun

蒟(こん)蒻(にゃく) or 蒟蒻(コンニャク) • (konnyaku) 

  1. [from 918] 蒟蒻, 菎蒻: konjac (both the plant and the food made from the plant)
  2. [from 1775] (slang) short for 蒟蒻島 (Konnyaku-jima): obsolete name for the 新川 (Shingawa) area in modern-day 中央区 (Chūō-ku, “Central Ward”) in Tokyo

Usage notes

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading

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