誼
See also: 谊
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Translingual
Han character
誼 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜口十月一 (YRJBM), four-corner 03617, composition ⿰訁宜)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1166, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35605
- Dae Jaweon: page 1631, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3992, character 12
- Unihan data for U+8ABC
Chinese
| trad. | 誼 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 谊 | |
| alternative forms | 竩 𧧼 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (多) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 多 | *ʔl'aːl |
| 哆 | *ʔl'aːlʔ, *ʔl'aːls, *ʔr'aːls, *hr'aːl, *l̥ʰjaːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *l̥ʰjɯs |
| 跢 | *ʔl'aːls, *ʔl'aːds |
| 痑 | *ʔl'aːls, *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːn |
| 爹 | *daːʔ, *tjaː |
| 陊 | *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ |
| 橠 | *naːlʔ |
| 袲 | *naːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 奓 | *ʔr'aːl, *ʔr'aːls |
| 栘 | *ɦljeːl, *lal |
| 黟 | *ʔleːl, *ʔlil |
| 趍 | *sʰlo, *l'al |
| 誃 | *l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 簃 | *l'al, *lal |
| 眵 | *ʔljjal, *l̥ʰjal |
| 恀 | *ʔljalʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljalʔ |
| 侈 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 姼 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljal, *ɦljalʔ |
| 鉹 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 垑 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 袳 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 卶 | *l̥ʰjals, *hljals |
| 宜 | *ŋral |
| 誼 | *ŋrals |
| 竩 | *ŋrals |
| 移 | *lal |
| 迻 | *lal |
| 扅 | *lal |
| 拸 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 熪 | *lal |
| 謻 | *lal |
| 蛥 | *ɢljad |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋrals): semantic 言 + phonetic 宜 (OC *ŋral).
Etymology
In some lects, the pronunciation of 誼/谊 is the same as that of 宜 (i.e. in the light level tone (陽平/阳平)). This is the result of dubanbian (讀半邊/读半边 (dúbànbiān)).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ji4 / ji6
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngiê
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi5 / gi2
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yì
- Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yì
- Wade–Giles: i4
- Yale: yì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yí
- Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yí
- Wade–Giles: i2
- Yale: yí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ji4 / ji6
- Yale: yìh / yih
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji4 / ji6
- Guangdong Romanization: yi4 / yi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː²¹/, /jiː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- ji4 - common variant;
- ji6 - prescribed.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngi2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: ngi
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gi5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gī
- Sinological IPA (key): /ki¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gi5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ki²¹/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gi2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gí
- Sinological IPA (key): /ki¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ki²⁴/
- (Putian)
Note:
- gi5 - literary;
- gi2 - vernacular (俗讀).
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gī / gî
- Tâi-lô: gī / gî
- Phofsit Daibuun: gi, gii
- IPA (Xiamen): /ɡi²²/, /ɡi²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡi⁴¹/, /ɡi²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡi²²/, /ɡi¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ɡi³³/, /ɡi²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡi³³/, /ɡi²³/
- (Hokkien)
Note:
- gī - literary;
- gî - vernacular (俗).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngi3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngì
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋi²¹³/
- Middle Chinese: ngjeH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋrals/
Definitions
誼
- friendship
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 義 / 义 (yì)
- 知自貴於物,然後知仁誼。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: The Book of Han, circa 1st century CE
- Zhī zì guì yú wù, ránhòu zhī rényì. [Pinyin]
- Having understood that one's very self is dearer than any external object, one then begins to understand charity and morality.
知自贵于物,然后知仁谊。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 議 / 议 (yì)
Compounds
- 世誼 / 世谊
- 交誼 / 交谊 (jiāoyì)
- 交誼舞 / 交谊舞 (jiāoyìwǔ)
- 厚誼 / 厚谊
- 友誼 / 友谊 (yǒuyì)
- 友誼商店 / 友谊商店 (yǒuyì shāngdiàn)
- 友誼賽 / 友谊赛 (yǒuyìsài)
- 同聲之誼 / 同声之谊
- 同舟之誼 / 同舟之谊
- 地主之誼 / 地主之谊
- 寅誼 / 寅谊
- 年誼 / 年谊
- 恩誼 / 恩谊
- 情誼 / 情谊 (qíngyì)
- 戚誼 / 戚谊 (qīyì)
- 氣誼 / 气谊
- 氣誼相投 / 气谊相投 (qìyìxiāngtóu)
- 深情厚誼 / 深情厚谊 (shēnqínghòuyì)
- 清風高誼 / 清风高谊
- 略盡情誼 / 略尽情谊
- 睦誼 / 睦谊
- 羊左之誼 / 羊左之谊
- 聯誼 / 联谊 (liányì)
- 聯誼會 / 联谊会 (liányìhuì)
- 舊誼 / 旧谊
- 行誼 / 行谊
- 誼不容辭 / 谊不容辞
- 誼主 / 谊主
- 誼士 / 谊士
- 誼母 / 谊母
- 鄉誼 / 乡谊
- 雲天高誼 / 云天高谊
- 高情厚誼 / 高情厚谊
- 高誼 / 高谊
References
- “誼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
誼
Readings
Korean
Hanja
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Vietnamese
Han character
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