質量

See also: 质量

Chinese

		hostage; substance; nature hostage; substance; nature; quality	capacity; quantity; amount capacity; quantity; amount; to estimate; to measure
trad. (質量)		質	量
simp. (质量)		质	量

Etymology

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 質(しつ)量(りょう) (shitsuryō)^[1]

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhìliàng, zhíliàng, zhǐliàng

(Zhuyin): ㄓˋ ㄌㄧㄤˋ, ㄓˊ ㄌㄧㄤˋ, ㄓˇ ㄌㄧㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zat¹ loeng⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳt-liong

(Hailu, HRS): zhid liong^˖
Eastern Min (BUC): cék-liông
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zih⁶ lyorng⁵ / zih⁶ lyoeng⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chit-liōng / chit-liāng

(Teochew, Peng'im): ziêh⁴ liang⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷tseq-lian

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhìliàng → zhìliang (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄌㄧㄤˋ → ㄓˋ ˙ㄌㄧㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhliång
  - Wade–Giles: chih⁴-liang⁵
  - Yale: jr̀-lyang
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh.lianq
  - Palladius: чжилян (čžiljan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/ → /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhíliàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˊ ㄌㄧㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhíhliàng
  - Wade–Giles: chih²-liang⁴
  - Yale: jŕ-lyàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyrlianq
  - Palladius: чжилян (čžiljan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐliàng → zhǐliang (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˇ ㄌㄧㄤˋ → ㄓˇ ˙ㄌㄧㄤ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐhliång
  - Wade–Giles: chih³-liang⁵
  - Yale: jř-lyang
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy.lianq
  - Palladius: чжилян (čžiljan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/ → /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴ li̯ɑŋ⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zat¹ loeng⁶
  - Yale: jāt leuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzat⁷ loeng⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: zed¹ lêng⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐt̚⁵ lœːŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳt-liong
  - Hakka Romanization System: ziid^ˋ liong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zid⁵ liong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨt̚² li̯oŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zhid liong^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃit⁵⁻² lioŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cék-liông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ l̃uɔŋ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zih⁶ lyorng⁵ [Phonetic: zih⁴ lyorng⁵]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cih-liō̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siʔ²¹⁻⁴² lyɒŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: zih⁶ lyoeng⁵ [Phonetic: zih⁷ lyoeng⁵]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siʔ²⁻⁴ lyøŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit-liōng
  - Tâi-lô: tsit-liōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: citliong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ liɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ liɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɔŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit-liāng
  - Tâi-lô: tsit-liāng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: citliang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sit̚³²⁻⁵ liaŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ liaŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ziêh⁴ liang⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsieh liăng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sieʔ²⁻⁴ liaŋ³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷tseq-lian
  - MiniDict: tseh^入 lian
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴tseq-lian
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡səʔ³³ liã⁴⁴/

Noun

質量

(physics) mass
(Mainland China) quality; standard; grade
提高質量／提高质量 ― tígāo zhìliàng ― to improve quality

教學質量／教学质量 ― jiàoxué zhìliàng ― quality of instruction

空氣質量／空气质量 ― kōngqì zhìliàng ― air quality

整體質量／整体质量 ― zhěngtǐ zhìliàng ― overall quality
quality and quantity

Synonyms

(quality):

Dialectal synonyms of 質量 (“quality (opposite of quantity 數量)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		質, 品
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		品質, 成色, 質量
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	質量, 品質
	Taiwan	品質
	Singapore	品質
Cantonese	Hong Kong	質素, 品質

Derived terms

原子質量 / 原子质量 (yuánzǐ zhìliàng)
大質量弱相互作用粒子 / 大质量弱相互作用粒子 (dà zhìliàng ruò xiānghù zuòyòng lìzǐ)
摩爾質量 / 摩尔质量 (mó'ěr zhìliàng)
生活質量 / 生活质量 (shēnghuó zhìliàng)
約化質量 / 约化质量 (yuēhuà zhìliàng)
質量守恆 / 质量守恒 (zhìliàng shǒuhéng)
質量數 / 质量数 (zhìliàngshù)
超大質量黑洞 / 超大质量黑洞 (chāodà zhìliàng hēidòng)

References

^ 汉语外来词词典 [Chinese Loanword Dictionary] (in Chinese), 1984, page 407

Japanese

Kanji in this term
質	量
しつ Grade: 5	りょう Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しつりょー [shìtsúꜜryòò] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ɕi̥t͡sɨɾʲo̞ː]

Noun

質(しつ)量(りょう) • (shitsuryō) ^{←しつりやう (situryau)^?}

(physics) mass
quality and quantity

Descendants

→ Chinese: 質量 / 质量
→ Korean: 질량 (jillyang)
→ Vietnamese: chất lượng

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
質	量

Noun

質量 • (jillyang or McCune-Reischauer: chillyang or Yale: cillyang) (hangeul 질량)

hanja form^? of 질량 (“mass”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
質	量

Noun

質量

chữ Hán form of chất lượng (“quality”)

[1] 汉语外来词词典 [Chinese Loanword Dictionary] (in Chinese), 1984, page 407

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK5-4] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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