量

量 (Kangxi radical 166, 里+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日一田土 (AMWG), four-corner 6010₄, composition ⿱旦里)

• 糧 𡑆 𪬨 𣛀 𪷑 𤎲 𫓉 𩞯(䭪) 𣊼 𪋥
• 𫾄 𬎎 𭿝 𬓾 𮡛 𭨎 𬉨

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1292, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40138
• Dae Jaweon: page 1794, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3683, character 2
• Unihan data for U+91CF

• Unihan data for U+F97E

Inconclusive. In the oracle bone and bronze scripts, the most common form was 日 (“sun”) + 東 (“bag; east”). Here are a few proposed interpretations as an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意):

• 日 was sometimes replaced with 田, so Qiu Xigui thinks that it may be the original character of 糧 (OC *raŋ, “grain field”).
• Yu Xingwu interprets it as measuring something under the sun.
• Guo Moruo interprets it as the sun rising in the east – original character of 亮 (OC *raŋs).
• Huang Dekuan suspects the 日 is actually 昜 (OC *laŋ) as the phonetic component.

Shuowen interprets this as a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *raŋ, *raŋs): phonetic 曏 (OC *qʰjaŋʔ, *qʰjaŋs, *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs) + semantic 重 (“weight; heavy”).

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-raŋ (“to count, to measure”) (STEDT under *(g/k)raŋ; Schuessler, 2007). Cognate to Tibetan བགྲང (bgrang, “to count”), Khaling ʾkhran-ne, Burmese ခြင် (hkrang, “to measure capacity”), Nusu xɹɯ³¹ (“to count”).

Pronunciation 2 is possibly a *-s suffixed exopassive derivation of Pronunciation 1; thus it means "what is measured → a measure" and is cognate to Tibetan གྲངས (grangs, “number”) (see also Unger (1983))

量

1. to measure
2. to estimate; to evaluate

量

1. (historical) measuring vessel, such as the dou or hu
2. measure; measurement; quantity
3. capacity; volume
4. (Buddhist logic) pramana
5. (Southern Min) large steelyard
6. to estimate; to approximate

• “量”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

From Middle Chinese 量 (MC ljang); compare Mandarin 量 (liáng):

• Go-on: ろう (rō)^{←らう (rau, historical)}
• Kan-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)^{←りやう (ryau, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 量 (MC ljangH); compare Mandarin 量 (liàng):

• Go-on: ろう (rō)^{←らう (rau, historical)}
• Kan-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)^{←りやう (ryau, historical)}

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: はかる (hakaru, 量る, Jōyō)、かさ (kasa, 量)、はかり (hakari, 量り)、ます (masu, 量)
• Nanori: かず (kazu)、さと (sato)、とも (tomo)、はかり (hakari)、はかる (hakaru)

From Middle Chinese 量 (MC ljangH, “measure”).

• (Tokyo) りょー [ryóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ɾʲo̞ː]

量(りょう) • (ryō) ^{←りやう (ryau)?}

1. volume, amount

   交通(こうつう)量(りょう)

   kōtsū-ryō

   amount of traffic

   なかなかの量(りょう)

   nakanaka no ryō

   a considerable amount

2. (Buddhist logic) pramana

   比(ひ)量(りょう)

   hi-ryō

   pramana of Reasoning

Cognate with 計り (hakari).^[1]

• 捗, 果, 計

• (Tokyo) はか [hàkáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ha̠ka̠]

量(はか) • (haka) 

1. progress

量 (eumhun 헤아릴 량 (hearil ryang), word-initial (South Korea) 헤아릴 양 (hearil yang))

1. hanja form^? of 량/양 (“volume; amount”)

• 강수량 (降水量, gangsuryang, “precipitation”)
• 질량 (質量, jillyang, “mass”)

量: Hán Nôm readings: lường, lượng, nhân

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.