囗

See also: 口, 㔿, ロ, ㅁ, 圍, and 國
囗 U+56D7, 囗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56D7
← 囖
[U+56D6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 囘 →
[U+56D8]

⼞ U+2F1E, ⼞
KANGXI RADICAL ENCLOSURE
← ⼝
[U+2F1D] 		Kangxi Radicals ⼟ →
[U+2F1F]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

囗 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 月一 (BM) or 難難月一 (XXBM), four-corner 60000, composition ⿱冂一)

  1. Kangxi radical #31, ⼞.

Usage notes

This character (囗) is used for enclosures. If a square is used within a character, then the character is 口 (“mouth”) (U+53E3) instead.

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 216, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4675
  • Dae Jaweon: page 439, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 710, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+56D7

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 囗
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram of a square-shaped enclosure. Unrelated to 口 (open mouth) and most likely unrelated to the original version of 丁 (head of a nail). Also unrelated to 因, in which it represents a carpet or mat.

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 囗 – see 圍 (“to surround; to encircle; to corral; all sides; etc.”).
(This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as an ancient form of 圍).

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 囗 – see 國 (“country; nation; nation-state; kingdom; capital; etc.”).
(This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as an ancient form of 國).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 囗 – see 口 (“mouth, especially the lips and internal mouth cavity; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 口).

Japanese

Kanji

囗

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. the "country" radical, called 国(くに)構(がま)え (kunigamae)

Readings

As a radical and ancient kanji for 国 (“country”):

  • Go-on: こく (koku)
  • Kan-on: こく (koku)
  • Kun: くに (kuni, 囗)、くにがまえ (kunigamae, 囗)←くにがまへ (kunigamafe, 囗, historical)

As an ancient kanji for 囲 (“to surround/encircle”):

Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

囗 • (nara guk) (hangeul 나라 국)

  1. country, nation
  2. government

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Etymology 2

Hanja

囗 • (dulle wi) (hangeul 둘레 위)

  1. circumference, perimeter

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

囗: Hán Việt readings: vi[1][2]

  1. chữ Hán form of vi (“to enclose; to surround”)

References

  1. ^ Trần (2004).
  2. ^ Bonet (1899).
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