金馬
See also: 鎷
Baekje
Etymology
Related to Japanese 熊 (kuma, “bear”) and Old Korean *고마〮 (*kwòmá, “bear”) > Middle Korean 곰〯 (kwǒm). Beyond Korean and Japanese, compare also Old Chinese 熊 (OC *ɢʷlɯm).
Noun
金馬 (*kəma or *kuma or *komu or *kumu) (Nihon shoki 久麻 or クム or クマ or コム)
References
- John Bentley (2000) “New Look at Paekche and Korean: Data from Nihon shoki”, in Language Research[1], volume 36, number 2, Seoul National University, pages 417—443
- Alexander Vovin (2013) “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics[2], volume 15, number 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 222—240
Chinese
| metal; gold; money | horse; surname | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (金馬) | 金 | 馬 | |
| simp. (金马) | 金 | 马 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jīnmǎ
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ ㄇㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jinmǎ
- Wade–Giles: chin1-ma3
- Yale: jīn-mǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinmaa
- Palladius: цзиньма (czinʹma)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kim-bé
- Tâi-lô: Kim-bé
- Phofsit Daibuun: kimbea
- IPA (Xiamen): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² be⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kim³³ be⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² be⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ be⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ be⁴¹/
- (Hokkien)
- Middle Chinese: kim maeX
Noun
金馬
- gold horse
- (literary) imperial court or capital
- (literary) Hanlin Academy scholar
- Synonym: 翰林 (Hànlín)
Proper noun
金馬
- (historical) (～門) a gate in the Han dynasty where literati waited for imperial orders
- (historical) (～署) imperial library of the Han dynasty
- (historical) Alternative term for 翰林院 (Hànlínyuàn, “Hanlin Academy”).
- (～地區) Fujian Province, Republic of China after 1949 (short for 金門／金门 (Jīnmén) + 馬祖／马祖 (Mǎzǔ): “Kinmen and Matsu”)