長生

See also: 长生

Chinese

	long forever	life lived
trad. (長生)	長	生
simp. (长生)	长	生
anagram	生長／生长

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chángshēng

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄕㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴ sang¹ / coeng⁴ saang¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhòng-sên
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiông-sng / tiông-seng / tiâng-seng

(Teochew, Peng'im): qiang⁵ sê¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chángshēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄕㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chángsheng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻang²-shêng¹
  - Yale: cháng-shēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charngsheng
  - Palladius: чаншэн (čanšɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng⁴ sang¹ / coeng⁴ saang¹
  - Yale: chèuhng sāng / chèuhng sāang
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴ sang¹ / tsoeng⁴ saang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴ seng¹ / cêng⁴ sang¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ saːŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòng-sên
  - Hakka Romanization System: cong^ˇ sen^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cong² sen¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ sen²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiông-sng
  - Tâi-lô: tiông-sng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diongsngf
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² sŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiông-seng
  - Tâi-lô: tiông-sing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diongsefng
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiâng-seng
  - Tâi-lô: tiâng-sing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diangsefng
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ¹³⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: qiang⁵ sê¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: qiâng se
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /qiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ se³³/

Middle Chinese: drjang sraeng|sraengH

Rime
Character	長	生	生
Reading #	1/3	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	生 (21)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	庚 (109)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II	II
Fanqie	直良切	所庚切	所敬切
Baxter	drjang	sraeng	sraengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋ/	/ʃˠæŋ/	/ʃˠæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋ/	/ʃᵚaŋ/	/ʃᵚaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋ/	/ʃaŋ/	/ʃaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋ/	/ʂaɨjŋ/	/ʂaɨjŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋ/	/ʃɐŋ/	/ʃɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋ/	/ʃɐŋ/	/ʃɐŋ^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋ/	/ʂɐŋ/	/ʂɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cháng	shēng	shèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng⁴	sang¹	sang³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə-[N]-traŋ sreŋ|sreŋ|sreŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*daŋ sʰleːŋ|sreŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	長	生	生	生
Reading #	1/2	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cháng	shēng	shēng	shēng
Middle Chinese	‹ drjang ›	‹ sræng ›	‹ sræng ›	‹ srjæng ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə-[N]-traŋ/	/sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or s.reŋ ?)	/*sreŋ/	/sreŋ/ (or s.reŋ ?)
English	long (adj.)	bear, be born; live	fresh, raw	bear, be born; live
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	長	生	生
Reading #	2/3	1/2	2/2
No.	1276	11312	11322
Phonetic component	長	生	生
Rime group	陽	耕	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	長	生	生
Old Chinese	/*daŋ/	/*sʰleːŋ/	/*sreŋs/

Verb

長生

(literary) to live forever; to have longevity

Derived terms

不老長生 / 不老长生
長生不死 / 长生不死
長生不滅 / 长生不灭
長生不老 / 长生不老 (chángshēngbùlǎo)
長生久視 / 长生久视
長生店 / 长生店
長生庫 / 长生库
長生果 / 长生果 (chángshēngguǒ)
長生殿 / 长生殿 (Chángshēng Diàn)
長生牌位 / 长生牌位
長生祿位 / 长生禄位

Noun

長生

(dialectal Hakka, Teochew, euphemistic) coffin

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 棺材 (“coffin”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		棺, 木, 棺木
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		棺材, 棺木, 壽材 †
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	棺材, 材
	Taiwan	棺材
	Harbin	棺材, 壽材 †
	Singapore	棺材
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	棺材, 壽材 †
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	棺材, 壽材 †
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	棺材, 坷漏
	Wanrong	壽木 †
	Xi'an	枋, 棺子, 棺材, 材, 壽材 †
	Xining	棺材, 棺木, 壽材 †
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	棺材, 壽板 †, 壽材 †
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	棺材, 壽材 †
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	棺材, 枋子, 壽枋 †, 壽木 †
	Wuhan	棺材, 壽木 †
	Guiyang	木頭, 大木, 材子, 老家 †, 大老家 †, 壽木 †
	Guilin	棺材
	Liuzhou	棺木, 棺材, 四塊半, 壽枋 †, 壽板 †, 長生板 †
	Dagudi (Maliba)	棺材
	Reshuitang (Longling)	棺材
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	棺材, 壽木 †
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	棺材
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	棺材, 四塊板, 壽材 †
	Yangzhou	棺材, 壽材 †
	Hefei	棺材
Cantonese	Guangzhou	棺材, 四塊半, 四塊板, 四方竇, 長生板, 壽板
	Hong Kong	棺材, 四塊半, 長生板, 壽板
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	棺材, 壽板
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	棺材
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	棺材
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	棺材
	Macau	棺材, 壽板
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	棺材
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	棺材
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	棺材
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	棺材
	Foshan	棺材
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	棺材
	Foshan (Shunde)	棺材
	Foshan (Sanshui)	棺材
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	棺材
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	棺材
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	壽木
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	棺材
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	棺材
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	棺材
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	棺材
	Taishan	棺材
	Kaiping (Chikan)	木, 棺材
	Enping (Niujiang)	棺材
	Heshan (Yayao)	棺材
	Dongguan	棺材, 四塊半, 木訥, 壽材 †, 壽方 †
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	棺材
	Yangjiang	棺材
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	棺材, 四塊半, 壽板
	Singapore (Guangfu)	棺材
Gan	Nanchang	棺材, 壽材 †
	Lichuan	棺材, 壽木 †, 壽材 †
	Pingxiang	棺材, 長生, 料, 壽樹 †
Hakka	Meixian	棺材, 棺木, 長生板, 壽材
	Xingning	長生
	Dabu (Xihe)	棺材, 壽枋
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	棺材
	Huiyang	棺材, 長生
	Huidong (Daling)	長生, 大屋
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	棺材
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	棺材
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	棺材
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	棺材
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	棺材
	Wuhua (Changbu)	棺材
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	棺材
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	棺材
	Wengyuan	木頭
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	木頭
	Liannan	壽棺材
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	棺材
	Jiexi	長生大屋, 長生板
	Luhe	棺材
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	棺木
	Changting	壽木
	Wuping	木頭
	Wuping (Yanqian)	棺木, 福板
	Wuping (Pingyu)	長生木
	Liancheng	木頭
	Ninghua	壽木, 老屋, 壽具, 蓄樹
	Yudu	棺材, 壽床, 老屋, 壽木 †
	Ningdu	萬年床
	Ruijin	壽櫃
	Shicheng	壽木
	Shangyou (Shexi)	壽木
	Tonggu (Sandu)	壽材
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	壽木
	Dayu	壽木
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	棺材, 大壽 ‡, 大屋 ‡
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	棺材, 壽 ‡, 大屋 ‡
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	棺材, 壽記 ‡
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	棺材, 大壽 ‡, 大屋 ‡
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	棺材, 大屋 ‡
	Hong Kong	棺材, 壽房
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	棺材
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	長生
	Xinyi (Sihe)	棺材
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	棺材
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	棺材
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	棺材
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	棺材
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	長生, 壽板
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	棺材
	Mengshan (Xihe)	壽
	Luchuan	壽木
	Sabah (Longchuan)	棺材
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	棺材, 壽板, 棺木
	Senai (Huiyang)	棺材, 四塊半, 長生板
	Senai (Hepo)	棺材
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	棺樵, 大屋
	Singkawang	棺材
Huizhou	Jixi	棺材, 材, 壽材 †, 壽木 †
Jin	Taiyuan	棺材, 壽材 †, 壽木 †
Jin	Xinzhou	棺材, 壽器 †, 大頭 †
Northern Min	Jian'ou	棺木, 四塊板
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	棺材, 棺木, 壽板 †
Southern Min	Xiamen	棺柴, 棺, 壽板 †, 壽柴, 大厝 dated
	Quanzhou	棺柴, 棺, 壽柴
	Jinjiang	壽板, 老壽
	Yongchun	棺柴
	Zhangzhou	棺柴, 棺, 壽板 †, 壽柴
	Taipei	棺柴, 大壽 ‡, 壽板 ‡
	Taipei (Wanhua)	棺柴
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	棺柴, 大壽 ‡
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	棺柴, 壽板 ‡
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	棺柴
	Kaohsiung	棺柴, 壽 ‡, 壽板 ‡
	Yilan	棺柴, 大壽 ‡, 壽板 ‡
	Changhua (Lukang)	棺柴, 大壽 ‡, 壽 ‡
	Taichung	棺柴, 棺木 ‡
	Taichung (Wuqi)	棺柴
	Tainan	棺柴, 板仔, 大厝 ‡, 壽板 ‡, 大壽 ‡, 壽 ‡
	Taitung	棺柴
	Hsinchu	棺柴, 大壽 ‡
	Kinmen	棺柴, 壽板 ‡, 壽枋 ‡, 大厝 ‡, 棺木 ‡
	Penghu (Magong)	棺柴, 壽 ‡
	Singapore (Hokkien)	棺柴, 大厝
	Manila (Hokkien)	棺柴, 棺
	Chaozhou	棺柴
	Shantou	棺柴, 大厝, 長生
	Shantou (Chenghai)	棺柴
	Jieyang	棺柴, 大厝
	Haifeng	棺柴
	Bangkok (Teochew)	棺柴, 大厝
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	大厝, 四個半
	Singapore (Teochew)	棺柴
	Haikou	棺材, 壽板 †
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	棺材
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	棺材, 四塊半, 四合板, 壽木 †, 壽板 †
Wu	Shanghai	棺材, 壽材 †, 壽器 †
	Shanghai (Chongming)	棺材, 材, 壽材 †
	Suzhou	棺材, 壽材 †, 壽器 †
	Danyang	棺材, 壽材 †
	Hangzhou	棺材, 壽材 †
	Ningbo	棺材, 壽材 †
	Wenzhou	棺材, 枋
	Jinhua	棺材, 材, 壽材 †, 壽屋 †
Xiang	Changsha	棺材, 料, 棺木, 壽枋 †
	Loudi	棺材, 料, 長生 †, 壽器 †
	Shuangfeng	木, 大料
Note	† - prepared before one's death; ‡ - elegant name

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (長生):

→ Japanese: 長(ちょう)生(せい) (chōsei)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
長	生
ちょう Grade: 2	せい Grade: 1
kan'on

Noun

長(ちょう)生(せい) • (chōsei) ^{←ちやうせい (tyausei)^?}

longevity
Synonym: 長生き (nagaiki)

不(ふ)老(ろう)長(ちょう)生(せい) ― furōchōsei ― perennial youth (literally, “unageing longevity”)

Verb

長(ちょう)生(せい)する • (chōsei suru) ^{←ちやうせい (tyausei)^?}intransitive suru (stem 長(ちょう)生(せい)し (chōsei shi), past 長(ちょう)生(せい)した (chōsei shita))

to live for a long time
Synonym: 長生きする (nagaiki suru)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
長	生

Verb

長生

chữ Hán form of trường sinh (“longevity”)