阿鼻

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (阿鼻)		阿	鼻

Etymology

From Sanskrit अवीचि (avīci). First attested in 406, in《妙法蓮華經》 (“Lotus Sutra”), translated by Kumarajiva.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ābí

(Zhuyin): ㄚㄅㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): aa³ bei⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ābí
  - Zhuyin: ㄚㄅㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: abí
  - Wade–Giles: a¹-pi²
  - Yale: ā-bí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: abyi
  - Palladius: аби (abi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀä⁵⁵ pi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: aa³ bei⁶
  - Yale: a beih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: aa³ bei⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: a³ béi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /aː³³ pei̯²²/

Middle Chinese: 'a bjijH

Rime
Character	阿	鼻
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	烏何切	毗至切
Baxter	'a	bjijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑ/	/biɪ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑ/	/bi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑ/	/bjɪ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔa/	/bi^H/
Li Rong	/ʔɑ/	/bi^H/
Wang Li	/ɑ/	/bi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔɑ/	/bʱi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ē	bì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	o¹	bei⁶

Noun

阿鼻

(～地獄) (Buddhism) Avīci (the lowest level of the “hell” realm)

Derived terms

阿鼻叫喚 / 阿鼻叫唤 (ābíjiàohuàn)
阿鼻地獄 / 阿鼻地狱 (ābí dìyù)

Descendants

→ Japanese: 阿鼻 (abi)
→ Korean: 아비(阿鼻) (abi)

Further reading

Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “阿鼻” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Korean

Hanja in this term
阿	鼻

Noun

阿鼻 • (abi) (hangeul 아비)

hanja form^? of 아비