𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀
Avestan
Etymology
From Proto-Iranian *xšaθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám, from Proto-Indo-European *tk-e-tróm, from *tek- (“to gain power over, gain control over”). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षत्र (kṣatrá), Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (xšaça), Bactrian ϸαο (šao).
Noun
𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 • (xšaθra) n
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 (xšaθrəm) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra) |
| vocative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 (xšaθrəm) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra) |
| accusative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 (xšaθrəm) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra) |
| instrumental | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬀 (xšaθraēibiia) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬌𐬱 (xšaθrāiš) |
| dative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬌 (xšaθrāi) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬀 (xšaθraēibiia) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋 (xšaθraēibiiō) |
| ablative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬝 (xšaθrāt̰) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬀 (xšaθraēibiia) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋 (xšaθraēibiiō) |
| genitive | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬵𐬈 (xšaθrahe) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬃 (xšaθraiiā̊) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬄𐬨 (xšaθranąm) |
| locative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬈 (xšaθre) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬋 (xšaθraiiō) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬎 (xšaθraēšu) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 (xšaθrəm) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌 (xšaθrōi) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁 (xšaθrā) |
| vocative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 (xšaθrəm) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌 (xšaθrōi) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁 (xšaθrā) |
| accusative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬆𐬨 (xšaθrəm) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌 (xšaθrōi) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁 (xšaθrā) |
| instrumental | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁 (xšaθrā) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬁 (xšaθrōibiiā) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬌𐬱 (xšaθrāiš) |
| dative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬌 (xšaθrāi) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬁 (xšaθrōibiiā) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋 (xšaθraēibiiō) |
| ablative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬁𐬝 (xšaθrāt̰) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬋𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬁 (xšaθrōibiiā) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋 (xšaθraēibiiō) |
| genitive | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬵𐬌𐬌𐬁 (xšaθrahiiā) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬃 (xšaθraiiā̊) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬄𐬨 (xšaθranąm) |
| locative | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬉 (xšaθrē) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬋 (xšaθraiiō) | 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬏 (xšaθraēšū) |
Derived terms
- 𐬵𐬎𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (huxšaθra)
References
- Martínez García, Javier, de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1)[1], Brill, →ISBN