𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺
Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
Inherited from Sanskrit भव॑ति (bhávati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰáwHati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewHeti.
Verb
𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati)
- to be; become
- c. 256 BCE, Aśoka, Major Rock Edict 6 Girnar:
- 𑀬 𑀘 𑀓𑀺𑀁𑀘𑀺 𑀫𑀼𑀔𑀢 𑀆𑀜𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 𑀲𑁆𑀯𑀬𑀁 𑀤𑀸𑀧𑀓𑀁 𑀯𑀸 𑀲𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀧𑀓𑀁 𑀯𑀸 𑀬 𑀯𑀸 𑀧𑀼𑀦 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀢𑁆𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀆𑀘𑀸𑀬𑀺𑀓𑁂 𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀧𑀺𑀢𑀫 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 𑀢𑀸𑀬 𑀅𑀣𑀸𑀬 𑀯𑀺𑀯𑀸𑀤𑁄 𑀦𑀺𑀛𑀢𑀻 𑀯 𑀲𑀁𑀢𑁄 𑀧𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀬𑀁 𑀆𑀦𑀁𑀢𑀭𑀁 𑀧𑀝𑀺𑀯𑁂𑀤𑁂𑀢𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀁 𑀫𑁂 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀭 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀯𑁂 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂
- ya ca kiṃci mukhata āñapayāmi svayaṃ dāpakaṃ vā srāvāpakaṃ vā ya vā puna mahāmātresu ācāyike aropitama bhavati tāya athāya vivādo nijhatī va saṃto parisāyaṃ ānaṃtaraṃ paṭivedetavyaṃ me sarvatra sarve kāle
- 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch
- And if in the council a dispute arises, or an amendment is moved, in connexion with any donation or proclamation which I myself am ordering verbally, or (in connexion with) an emergent matter which has been delegated to the Mahāmātras, it must be reported to me immediately, anywhere, at any time.
- 𑀬 𑀘 𑀓𑀺𑀁𑀘𑀺 𑀫𑀼𑀔𑀢 𑀆𑀜𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 𑀲𑁆𑀯𑀬𑀁 𑀤𑀸𑀧𑀓𑀁 𑀯𑀸 𑀲𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀧𑀓𑀁 𑀯𑀸 𑀬 𑀯𑀸 𑀧𑀼𑀦 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀢𑁆𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀆𑀘𑀸𑀬𑀺𑀓𑁂 𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀧𑀺𑀢𑀫 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 𑀢𑀸𑀬 𑀅𑀣𑀸𑀬 𑀯𑀺𑀯𑀸𑀤𑁄 𑀦𑀺𑀛𑀢𑀻 𑀯 𑀲𑀁𑀢𑁄 𑀧𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀬𑀁 𑀆𑀦𑀁𑀢𑀭𑀁 𑀧𑀝𑀺𑀯𑁂𑀤𑁂𑀢𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀁 𑀫𑁂 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀭 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀯𑁂 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂
Alternative forms
Attested at Girnar.
| Dialectal forms of 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (“be”) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Kalsi | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | |
| Delhi-Topra | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | ||
| Rupnath | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀼 3pl.aor (husu), 𑀲𑀺𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (siyā) | |
| Sahasram | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀼 3sg.imp (hotu) | |
| Gujarra | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀼 3sg.imp (hotu) | |
| Panguraria | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀼 3pl.aor (husu), 𑀳𑁄𑀲𑀺𑀢𑀺 3sg.fut (hositi) | |
| Bahapur | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | ?𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (hoti) | |
| Ahraura | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀽 3sg.imp (hotū) | |
| East | Dhauli | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | |
| Jaugada | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | ||
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | 𐨧𐨆𐨟𐨁 (bhoti) | |
| Mansehra | 𐨧𐨆𐨟𐨁 (bhoti), 𐨱𐨆𐨟𐨁 (hoti) | ||
| West | Girnar | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti), 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati) | |
| South | Yerragudi | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑁄𑀢 3sg.pres (hota), 𑀲𑀺𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (siyā) |
| Siddapura | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), ?𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (hoti) | |
| Brahmagiri | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ) | |
| Rajula-Mandagiri | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑁄𑀢 3sg.pres (hota), ?𑀲𑀺𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (siyā) | |
| Udegolam | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | ?𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (hoti), 𑀳𑀼𑀯𑁂𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (huveyā) | |
| Nittur | 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) | 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (hoti), 𑀳𑀼𑀯𑁂𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (huveyā) | |
| Map of dialectal forms of 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (“be”) | ||
|---|---|---|
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Descendants
- Dardic:
- Ashkun: [script needed] (bōm, “to be”)
- Dameli: [script needed] (bum)
- Domaaki: [script needed] (huína, “to become, be”)
- Gawar-Bati: بو (bō), بم (bima)
- Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (hō̆-)
- Kalami: [script needed] (hū-, “to be, become”)
- Kalasha: [script needed] (hāw-, “to become”)
- Kashmiri: بۄوُن (bọwun, “to become”)
- Khowar: بک (bik, “to become”), بوم (bōm)
- Phalura: ہن (hinu)
- Shina: بوک (boĭki̯, “to become”)
- Kohistani Shina: بون (bōnṷ, “to be”)
- Shumashti: [script needed] (bo-, “to become”)
- Torwali: حو (hō)
- Ushojo: بون (bōn)
- Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (wō-)
- Prakrit: 𑀳𑁄𑀇 (hoi), 𑀪𑁄𑀤𑀺 (bhodi) — Śaurasenī, 𑀪𑀯𑀇 (bhavaï), 𑀪𑀯𑀏 (bhavae), 𑀳𑀼𑀯𑁃 (huvai) (see there for further descendants)
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Verb
𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (root bhū, first conjugation)
- Brahmi script form of bhavati (“to become”)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺"
| Active | Middle | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Present | ||||
| 1st | 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑀺 (bhavāmi) | 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫 (bhavāma) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave) | 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (bhavāmhe) |
| 2nd | 𑀪𑀯𑀲𑀺 (bhavasi) | 𑀪𑀯𑀣 (bhavatha) | 𑀪𑀯𑀲𑁂 (bhavase) | 𑀪𑀯𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁂 (bhavavhe) |
| 3rd | 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati) | 𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀺 (bhavanti) | 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁂 (bhavate) | 𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁂 (bhavante) or 𑀪𑀯𑀭𑁂 (bhavare) |
| Imperfect | ||||
| 1st | 𑀅𑀪𑀯 (abhava) or 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀁 (abhavaṃ) or 𑀪𑀯 (bhava) or 𑀪𑀯𑀁 (bhavaṃ) | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸 (abhavamhā) or 𑀪𑀯𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸 (bhavamhā) | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀺𑀁 (abhaviṃ) or 𑀪𑀯𑀺𑀁 (bhaviṃ) | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (abhavāmhase) or 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (abhavamhase) or 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (bhavāmhase) or 𑀪𑀯𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (bhavamhase) |
| 2nd | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑁄 (abhavo) or 𑀪𑀯𑁄 (bhavo) | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣 (abhavattha) or 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣 (bhavattha) | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀲𑁂 (abhavase) or 𑀪𑀯𑀲𑁂 (bhavase) | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀯𑁆𑀳𑀁 (abhavavhaṃ) or 𑀪𑀯𑀯𑁆𑀳𑀁 (bhavavhaṃ) |
| 3rd | 𑀅𑀪𑀯 (abhava) or 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀸 (abhavā) or 𑀪𑀯 (bhava) or 𑀪𑀯𑀸 (bhavā) | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀼 (abhavu) or 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀽 (abhavū) or 𑀪𑀯𑀼 (bhavu) or 𑀪𑀯𑀽 (bhavū) | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣 (abhavattha) or 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣 (bhavattha) | 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀼𑀁 (abhavatthuṃ) or 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀼𑀁 (bhavatthuṃ) |
| Imperative | ||||
| 1st | 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑀺 (bhavāmi) | 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫 (bhavāma) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave) | 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑀲𑁂 (bhavāmase) |
| 2nd | 𑀪𑀯 (bhava) or 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺 (bhavāhi) | 𑀪𑀯𑀣 (bhavatha) | 𑀪𑀯𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀼 (bhavassu) | 𑀪𑀯𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁄 (bhavavho) |
| 3rd | 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀼 (bhavatu) | 𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀼 (bhavantu) | 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀁 (bhavataṃ) | 𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀁 (bhavantaṃ) |
| Optative | ||||
| 1st | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 (bhaveyyāmi) or 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀁 (bhaveyyaṃ) or 𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫 (bhaveyyāma) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀁 (bhaveyyaṃ) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (bhaveyyāmhe) |
| 2nd | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀲𑀺 (bhaveyyāsi) or 𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀣 (bhaveyyātha) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀣𑁄 (bhavetho) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁄 (bhaveyyavho) |
| 3rd | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬 (bhaveyya) or 𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀁 (bhaveyyuṃ) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀣 (bhavetha) | 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀭𑀁 (bhaveraṃ) |
- Present active participle: 𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 (bhavant), which see for forms and usage
- Present middle participle: 𑀪𑀯𑀫𑀸𑀦 (bhavamāna), which see for forms and usage
- Past participle: 𑀪𑀽𑀢 (bhūta), which see for forms and usage
Adjective
𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati)
- Brahmi script form of bhavati, which is masculine/neuter locative singular of 𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 (bhavant), present participle of the verb above
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- ভৱতি (Assamese script)
- ᬪᬯᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
- ভবতি (Bengali script)
- 𑰥𑰪𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- ဘဝတိ (Burmese script)
- भवति (Devanagari script)
- ભવતિ (Gujarati script)
- ਭਵਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌭𑌵𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦨꦮꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂦𑂫𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ಭವತಿ (Kannada script)
- ភវតិ (Khmer script)
- ຠວຕິ (Lao script)
- ഭവതി (Malayalam script)
- ᢨᠠᠸᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘥𑘪𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠾᠠᠸᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧅𑧊𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐨𑐰𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଭଵତି (Odia script)
- ꢩꢮꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆨𑆮𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖥𑖪𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
- භවති (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩳𑩾𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚡𑚦𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
- ப⁴வதி (Tamil script)
- భవతి (Telugu script)
- ภวติ (Thai script)
- བྷ་ཝ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒦𑒫𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨡𑨭𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Verb
𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 • (bhavati) third-singular indicative
- Brahmi script form of भवति (“to be”)