๐ณ๐๐
Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Sanskrit เค เคนเคเคฎเฅ (ahakam), diminutive of เค เคนเคฎเฅ (ahรกm).
Pronoun
๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน)
- I
- c. 258 BCE, Aลoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.2:
- ๐
๐ฅ๐บ๐๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ ๐
๐ ๐ธ๐ข๐บ๐ฌ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ ๐ฌ ๐ณ๐๐ [โฆ] ๐ฒ๐๐
- adhikฤni aแธhฤtiyฤni vasฤni ya hakaแน [โฆ] sake
- 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch
- More than two and a half years (have passed) since I (am) a lay-worshipper (upasaka).
- ๐
๐ฅ๐บ๐๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ ๐
๐ ๐ธ๐ข๐บ๐ฌ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ ๐ฌ ๐ณ๐๐ [โฆ] ๐ฒ๐๐
Declension
| Declension of ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | ๐ณ๐๐ hakaแน |
โ |
| accusative | โ | โ |
| instrumental | ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ธ, ๐ซ๐, ๐ซ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ธ mayฤ, me, mamayฤ |
โ |
| dative | โ | โ |
| ablative | โ | โ |
| genitive | ๐ซ๐, ๐ซ๐ mai, me |
โ |
| locative | โ | โ |
Alternative forms
Attested at Bairat, Brahmagiri, Calcutta-Bairat, Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Gavimath, Jatinga-Rameshwara, Jaugada, Kalsi, Nittur, Rajula-Mandagiri, Siddapura, Udegolam and Yerragudi.
| Dialectal forms of ๐ ๐ณ๐ (โIโ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Kalsi | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | |
| Delhi-Topra | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ||
| Rupnath | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ (sumi), ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ ๐ณ๐๐ (sumi hakaแน) | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ nom.sg (sumi), ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ ๐ณ๐๐ nom.sg; ins.sg (sumi hakaแน) | |
| Bairat | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ?๐ณ๐๐ nom.sg (hakaแน), ๐ซ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ธ ins.sg (mamayฤ) | |
| Sahasram | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ (sumi) | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ nom.sg (sumi) | |
| Gujarra | ๐ ๐ณ๐ (ahaแน), ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐บ (smi) | ๐ ๐ณ๐ nom.sg (ahaแน), ?๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐บ nom.sg (smi), ๐ซ๐ ins.sg (me) | |
| Calcutta-Bairat | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ||
| Panguraria | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ (sumi) | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ nom.sg; ins.sg (sumi) | |
| Bahapur | ๐ณ๐๐ (hake) | ๐ณ๐๐ nom.sg (hake), ๐ณ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ ins.sg (hamaye) | |
| East | Dhauli | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | |
| Jaugada | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ||
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | ๐จ๐จฑ๐จ (ahaแน) | |
| Mansehra | ๐จ๐จ๐จ (aaแน) | ||
| West | Girnar | ๐ ๐ณ๐ (ahaแน) | |
| South | Yerragudi | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ๐ณ๐๐ nom.sg (hakaแน), ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ธ ins.sg (mayฤ), ๐ซ๐ gen.sg (me), ๐ซ๐ ins.sg (me) |
| Siddapura | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ?๐ณ๐๐ nom.sg (hakaแน), ?๐ซ๐ ins.sg (me) | |
| Brahmagiri | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ๐ณ๐๐ nom.sg (hakaแน), ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ธ ins.sg (mayฤ), ๐ซ๐ gen.sg (mai), ๐ซ๐ ins.sg (me) | |
| Maski | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ (sumi) | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ nom.sg; ins.sg (sumi) | |
| Jatinga-Rameshwara | ๐ฌ๐ (yo), ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ๐ณ๐๐ nom.sg (hakaแน), ?๐ฌ๐ ins.sg (yo) | |
| Rajula-Mandagiri | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ๐ซ๐ gen.sg (me), ๐ซ๐ ins.sg (me) | |
| Udegolam | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ๐ณ๐๐ nom.sg (hakaแน), ๐ซ๐ ins.sg (me) | |
| Nittur | ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ๐ซ๐ฌ๐ธ ins.sg (mayฤ), ?๐ซ๐ gen.sg (me), ๐ซ๐ ins.sg (me) | |
| Gavimath | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ (sumi), ๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) | ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ nom.sg (sumi), ๐ซ๐ ins.sg (me), ๐ซ๐ ins.sg (me) | |
| Map of dialectal forms of ๐ ๐ณ๐ (โIโ) | ||
|---|---|---|
|
๐ณ๐๐ (hakaแน) (27) ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ (sumi) (5) ๐ ๐ณ๐ (ahaแน) (3) ๐ณ๐๐ (hake) (2) ๐ฌ๐ (yo) (1) ๐จ๐จฑ๐จ (ahaแน) (1) ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ซ๐บ ๐ณ๐๐ (sumi hakaแน) (1) ๐จ๐จ๐จ (aaแน) (1) ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐บ (smi) (1) | ||
References
- Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) โhakaแนโ, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aลoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 177