-ttua
Finnish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-tːuɑˣ/, [-t̪ːuɑ̝(ʔ)]
Suffix
-ttua (front vowel harmony variant -ttyä, stem -ttu-, linguistic notation -ttU- or -ttUA)
- Forms inchoative or passive intransitive verbs from nominal stems.
Conjugation
| Inflection of -ttua (Kotus type 52*C/sanoa, tt-t gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -tun | en -tu | 1st sing. | olen -ttunut | en ole -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -tut | et -tu | 2nd sing. | olet -ttunut | et ole -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ttuu | ei -tu | 3rd sing. | on -ttunut | ei ole -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -tumme | emme -tu | 1st plur. | olemme -ttuneet | emme ole -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -tutte | ette -tu | 2nd plur. | olette -ttuneet | ette ole -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ttuvat | eivät -tu | 3rd plur. | ovat -ttuneet | eivät ole -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -tutaan | ei -tuta | passive | on -tuttu | ei ole -tuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -tuin | en -ttunut | 1st sing. | olin -ttunut | en ollut -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -tuit | et -ttunut | 2nd sing. | olit -ttunut | et ollut -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ttui | ei -ttunut | 3rd sing. | oli -ttunut | ei ollut -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -tuimme | emme -ttuneet | 1st plur. | olimme -ttuneet | emme olleet -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -tuitte | ette -ttuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte -ttuneet | ette olleet -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ttuivat | eivät -ttuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat -ttuneet | eivät olleet -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -tuttiin | ei -tuttu | passive | oli -tuttu | ei ollut -tuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -ttuisin | en -ttuisi | 1st sing. | olisin -ttunut | en olisi -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ttuisit | et -ttuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -ttunut | et olisi -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ttuisi | ei -ttuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -ttunut | ei olisi -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ttuisimme | emme -ttuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -ttuneet | emme olisi -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ttuisitte | ette -ttuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -ttuneet | ette olisi -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ttuisivat | eivät -ttuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -ttuneet | eivät olisi -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -tuttaisiin | ei -tuttaisi | passive | olisi -tuttu | ei olisi -tuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -tu | älä -tu | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ttukoon | älköön -ttuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon -ttunut | älköön olko -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ttukaamme | älkäämme -ttuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ttukaa | älkää -ttuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ttukoot | älkööt -ttuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot -ttuneet | älkööt olko -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -tuttakoon | älköön -tuttako | passive | olkoon -tuttu | älköön olko -tuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -ttunen | en -ttune | 1st sing. | lienen -ttunut | en liene -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ttunet | et -ttune | 2nd sing. | lienet -ttunut | et liene -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ttunee | ei -ttune | 3rd sing. | lienee -ttunut | ei liene -ttunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ttunemme | emme -ttune | 1st plur. | lienemme -ttuneet | emme liene -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ttunette | ette -ttune | 2nd plur. | lienette -ttuneet | ette liene -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ttunevat | eivät -ttune | 3rd plur. | lienevät -ttuneet | eivät liene -ttuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -tuttaneen | ei -tuttane | passive | lienee -tuttu | ei liene -tuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | -ttua | present | -ttuva | -tuttava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | -ttunut | -tuttu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | -ttuessa | -tuttaessa | agent4 | -ttuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | -ttumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -ttuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | -ttumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | -ttumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | -ttumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | -ttumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | -ttumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -ttuman | -tuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | -ttuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
Finnish terms suffixed with -ttua