Reconstruction:Prakrit/𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝

This Prakrit entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Prakrit

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Dravidian *koṭṭayder.?

Sanskrit गृ (gṛ)der.?

Prakrit *𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝 (*gŏṭṭa)

Uncertain.

Per Turner, borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *koṭṭay (“stone of fruit”). Compare Tamil கொட்டை (koṭṭai, “ball, pit, kernel”).^[1]
Per Chatterji, inherited from Sanskrit *गुर्त (*gurta, “drop”), from गृ (gṛ, “to sprinkle, moisten”), and cognate with Sanskrit गोल (gola, “round”), गुड (guḍa, “molasses”).^[2]

Compare also Sanskrit गुड (guḍa, “globe, ball”), गुडिका (guḍikā), गुटिका (guṭikā).

Noun

*𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝 (*gŏṭṭa) m (Devanagari *गोट्ट)

something round, lump, ball

Derived terms

*𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*gŏṭṭ-alla), 𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*gŏṭṭ-illa, “small ball”)
- Central Indo-Aryan:
  - Hindi: गुटली (guṭlī)
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  - Odia: ଗୋଟାଳି (goṭāḷi, “round piece of chalk”)
- Southern Indo-Aryan:
  - Marathi: गोटुळा (goṭuḷā, “rounded”)
- Western Indo-Aryan:
  - Gujarati: ગોટીલો (goṭīlo, “small metal ball”)
*𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀓𑁆𑀓 (*gŏṭṭ-akka)
- Central Indo-Aryan:
  - Hindustani:
    Hindi: गुटका (guṭkā, “ball of tobacco; pill; wedge”)
    
    Urdu: گُٹْکَا (guṭkā)

Descendants

Central Indo-Aryan:
- Awadhi: गोटा (goṭā, “cannon ball”)
- Hindustani:
  - Hindi: गोट (goṭ, “game piece”), गोटा (goṭā, “foods made of several lumps”), गोटी (goṭī, “small round stone, piece”)
  - Urdu: گوٹ (goṭ), گوٹَا (goṭā), گوٹِی (goṭī)
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Bengali-Assamese:
  - Assamese: গোট (güt, “fruit; unit, piece”), গোটা (güta, “solid, round”)
  - Bengali: গোটা (gōṭa, “whole, entire”)
- Bihari:
  - Bhojpuri: गोटा (gōṭā, “seed”)
  - Maithili: गोटा (gōṭā, measure word)
- Odia: ଗୋଟା (goṭā, “round, solitary, unbroken”), ଗୋଟି (goṭi, “solitary”)
Insular Indo-Aryan:
- Sinhalese: ගුටිය (guṭiya, “lump, ball”)
Northern Indo-Aryan:
- Nepali: गोटा (goṭā, “piece”), गोटो (goṭo, “piece”), गोटी (goṭī, “chess piece”), गोटि (goṭi)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Punjabi:
  Gurmukhi script: ਗੋਟ (goṭ, “spool; checker piece”)
- Sindhi:
  Arabic script: ڳوٽُ (ɠoṭu, “ball of tobacco”)
  
  Devanagari script: ॻोटु (ɠoṭu, “ball of tobacco”)
Southern Indo-Aryan:
- Old Marathi: गोटा (goṭā, “round stone”), गोटी (goṭī, “round stone”)
  - Marathi: गोटा (goṭā, “round stone”), गोटी (goṭī, “round stone”)
Western Indo-Aryan:
- Gujarati: ગોટ (goṭ, “gulp; cloud of smoke”), ગોટો (goṭo, “lump, pit, marigold”), ગોટી (goṭī, “pill, metal ball”)
- Marwari: गोट (goṭ, “game piece”)

Etymology 2

Unknown. It is unclear how this meaning would develop from "round" (Etymology 1).

Burrow and Emeneau compare with Kannada ಗೋಟು (gōṭu, “border, hem”), Telugu గోటు (gōṭu, “hem, lace border”); the direction of loaning is unclear.^[3]

Noun

*𑀕𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀝 (*gŏṭṭa) m (Devanagari *गोट्ट)

hem of garment

Descendants

Central Indo-Aryan:
- Hindustani:
  - Hindi: गोट (goṭ, “hem”), गोटा (goṭā, “gold/silver lace”)
    - → Marathi: गोट (goṭ, “hem, metal bracelet, ornament”)
  - Urdu: گوٹ (goṭ), گوٹَا (goṭā)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Punjabi:
  Gurmukhi script: ਗੋਟ (goṭ, “hem”), ਗੋੱਟਾ (goṭṭā, “gold/silver lace”)
- Sindhi: (may be borrowed due to lack of implosive)
  Arabic script: گوٽِی (goṭī, “gold/silver lace”)
Western Indo-Aryan:
- Gujarati: ગોટ (goṭ, “hem; gold/silver bracelet”)
- Marwari: गोट (goṭ, “hem”)

References

^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*gōṭṭa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 229
^ Chatterji, Suniti Kumar (1926) The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language‎^[1], volume 2, Calcutta: Calcutta University Press, page 779
^ Burrow, T., Emeneau, M. B. (1984) “Ko. ko·ṇṭḷ”, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 2201.

[1] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*gōṭṭa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 229

[2] Chatterji, Suniti Kumar (1926) The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language‎^[1], volume 2, Calcutta: Calcutta University Press, page 779

[3] Burrow, T., Emeneau, M. B. (1984) “Ko. ko·ṇṭḷ”, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 2201.

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