|
|
This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-Austronesian
Pronunciation
Etymology
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
From dualism of three *du- + *dum, from Proto-Austronesian: *duma.
Same dualism numeral concept in:
- Proto-Austronesian: *duSa probably from *du- + *əsa.
- Makatao: ra-hurum from hu ("dual") + ruma("three")
- Truku: mataru from ma ("dual?") + taru ("three")
- Thao: katuru from ka ("dual?") + turu ("three")[1]
Sound Changes Table
| origin form
|
nasalization form
|
transition form
|
pra-final form
|
| *dudum
|
*dundum
|
*undum
|
*unum
|
[2]
Numeral
*ənəm
- six
Descendants
- Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *ənəm
- Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *onəm
- Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih: *wonəm
- Proto-Oceanic: *onom
- Barito
- Proto-Philippine: *ənəm
- Greater Central Philippine
- Central Philippine
- Tagalog: anim
- Bikol
- Visayan
- Asi: an-om
- Cebuan
- Central Visayan
- Southern Visayan
- Western Visayan
- Danao:
- Northern Luzon
- Celebic
- Javanese: enem
- Malayo-Chamic
- Proto-Chamic: *nam
- Acehnese: nam
- Coastal Chamic
- Highlands Chamic
- Chru–Northern Chamic
- Jarai–Rhade
- Proto-Malayic: *ənəm
- Banjarese: anam
- Kendayan: anam
- Ibanic
- Nuclear Malayic
- Malay: enam
- Brunei Malay: anam
- Kedah Malay: enam, nam
- Central Malay: enam
- Minangkabau: anam
- Negeri Sembilan Malay: onam
- Pattani Malay: แน (nɛ)
- Urak Lawoi': นัม (nam)
- Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa
External links
References
- ^ Li, Paul Jen-kuei (2006) “Numeral Systems in Formosan Languages”, in The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar[1], Routledge
- ^ Pater, Joe (2004) “Austronesian nasal substitution and other NC effects”, in NELS 34[2]
- Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*enem”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI